- List of amphibians
This is a list of amphibians by Family. It lists all families and subfamilies of amphibians and mentions the number of species in each of them.
The list below largely follows Frost, 2007: Amphibian Species of the World, an Online Reference. Version 5.1 (October, 2007).
Another classification, which largely follows Frost, but deviates from it in part is the one of AmphibiaWeb, by the University of California, Berkeley.
A major difference between the two above classifications is that Frost has split several families off from some major families (i.e. elevated to distinct families), whereas AmphibiaWeb has not (i.e. keeping them within the original families), notably:
* From Dendrobatidae: Aromobatidae
* From Leptodactylidae: Brachycephalidae
* From Ranidae: Ceratobatrachidae, Dicroglossidae, PyxicephalidaeSee Sources below.
__TOC__
=Class
Amphibia =Total 6184 speciesOrder
Anura -Frog s andToad sTotal 5453 species
*SuborderArchaeobatrachia
**FamilyAlytidae - Painted Frogs or Disc-Tongued frogs, 11 species. Sometimes placed as a subfamily, Alytinae, in family Bombinatoridae. Sometimes, the genusDiscoglossus is considered a distinct family,Discoglossidae
**FamilyBombinatoridae - Fire Belly toads, 10 species
**FamilyLeiopelmatidae - New Zealand primitive frogs, 6 species. Sometimes, the genusAscaphus is considered a distinct family,Ascaphidae
*SuborderMesobatrachia
**FamilyMegophryidae - Litter frogs or Short Legged toads, 137 species
**FamilyPelobatidae - European Spadefoot toads, 4 species
**FamilyPelodytidae - Parsley frogs, 3 species
**FamilyPipidae - Tongueless frogs or clawed frogs, 31 species. Sometimes, the subfamiliesDactylethrinae andPipinae are distinguished
**FamilyRhinophrynidae - Mexican Burrowing Toad, 1 species
**FamilyScaphiopodidae - American spadefoot toads, 7 species
*SuborderNeobatrachia
**FamilyAmphignathodontidae - 58 species, sometimes considered part of the family Hylidae, see below.
**FamilyAromobatidae - 96 species, sometimes considered part of the family Dendrobatidae, see below.
***Subfamily:Allobatinae , 46 species
***Subfamily:Anomaloglossinae , 22 species.
***Subfamily:Aromobatinae , 28 species.
**FamilyArthroleptidae - Screeching frogs or squeakers, 132 species
***Subfamily:Arthroleptinae , 81 species. Sometimes the genusAstylosternus is considered a distinct family,Astylosternidae
***Subfamily:Leptopelinae , 51 species, sometimes placed in family Hyperoliidae, see below.
**FamilyBrachycephalidae - Saddleback toads, 823 species. The genusEleutherodactylus is sometimes placed in its own subfamily,Eleutherodactylinae , sometimes within family Leptodactylidae, see below.
**FamilyBrevicipitidae - 26 species, sometimes considered a subfamily,Brevicipitinae of the Microhylidae, see below.
**FamilyBufonidae - True toads, 505 species
**FamilyCalyptocephalellidae - 4 species, sometimes considered part of the family Bufonidae.
**FamilyCentrolenidae - Glass frogs, 146 species
***Subfamily:Allophryninae , 1 species, sometimes considered a distinct family,Allophrynidae
***Subfamily:Centroleninae , 145 species
**Family:Ceratobatrachidae , 77 species, sometimes considered part of the family Ranidae, see below.
**FamilyCeratophryidae - 85 species, sometimes considered a subfamily,Ceratophryinae of the Leptodactylidae, see below.
***Subfamily:Batrachylinae , 14 species
***Subfamily:Ceratophryinae , 12 species.
***Subfamily:Telmatobiinae , 59 species, sometimes considered a subfamily of the Leptodactylidae, see below.
**FamilyCryptobatrachidae - 21 species, sometimes considered part of the family Hylidae, see below.
**FamilyCycloramphidae - 97 species, sometimes considered a subfamily,Cycloramphinae of the Leptodactylidae, see below.
***Subfamily:Alsodinae , 63 species
***Subfamily:Cycloramphinae , 34 species. Sometimes the genusRhinoderma is considered a distinct family,Rhinodermatidae
**FamilyDendrobatidae - Poison dart frogs, 164 species
***Subfamily:Colostethinae , 53 species
***Subfamily:Dendrobatinae , 52 species
***Subfamily:Hyloxalinae , 57 species
**Family:Dicroglossidae , 164 species, sometimes considered part of the family Ranidae, see below.
***Subfamily:Dicroglossinae , 142 species
***Subfamily:Occidozyginae , 22 species
**FamilyHeleophrynidae - Ghost frogs, 6 species
**FamilyHemisotidae - Shovelnose frogs, 9 species
**FamilyHemiphractidae - 6 species, sometimes considered a subfamily,Hemiphractinae , of the Hylidae, see next.
**FamilyHylidae - Tree frogs, 844 species
***Subfamily:Hylinae , 606 species
***Subfamily:Pelodryadinae , 181 species
***Subfamily:Phyllomedusinae , 57 species
**FamilyHylodidae - 39 species
**FamilyHyperoliidae - Sedge frogs or bush frogs, 207 species
**Family:Leiuperidae , 77 species, sometimes considered part of the family Leptodactylidae, see below.
**FamilyLeptodactylidae - Southern frogs or tropical frogs, 90 species. Some of its former subfamilies have been elevated to family level, or placed in different families, see before.
**Family:Limnodynastidae , 44 species
**FamilyMantellidae , 166 species
***Subfamily:Boophinae , 54 species
***Subfamily:Laliostominae , 4 species
***Subfamily:Mantellinae , 108 species
**FamilyMicrixalidae - 11 species, sometimes placed in the family Ranidae.
**FamilyMicrohylidae - Narrow-mouthed frogs, 426 species
***Subfamily:Asterophryinae , 218 species. Sometimes the genusGenyophryne is considered a distinct subfamily,Genyophryninae
***Subfamily:Cophylinae , 43 species
***Subfamily:Dyscophinae , 3 species
***Subfamily:Gastrophryninae , 40 species
***Subfamily:Hoplophryninae , 3 species
***Subfamily:Kalophryninae , 14 species
***Subfamily:Melanobatrachinae , 1 species
***Subfamily:Microhylinae , 68 species
***Subfamily:Otophryninae , 3 species
***Subfamily:Phrynomerinae , 5 species
***Subfamily:Scaphiophryninae , 10 species
**FamilyMyobatrachidae - Australian ground frogs, 82 species. Sometimes, the genusRheobatrachus is considered a distinct family,Rheobatrachidae
**FamilyNyctibatrachidae - 13 species
**Family:Petropedetidae , 16 species
**FamilyPhrynobatrachidae - 76 species, sometimes considered part of the family Ranidae, see below.
**FamilyPtychadenidae - 53 species, sometimes considered part of the family Ranidae, see below.
**FamilyPyxicephalidae - 64 species, sometimes considered part of the family Ranidae, see below.
***Subfamily:Cacosterninae , 59 species
***Subfamily:Pyxicephalinae , 5 species
**FamilyRanidae - True frogs, 315 species
**FamilyRanixalidae - 10 species, sometimes placed in the family Ranidae, or in family Petropedetidae.
**FamilyRhacophoridae - Moss frogs, 286 species
***Subfamily:Buergeriinae , 5 species
***Subfamily:Rhacophorinae , 281 species
**FamilySooglossidae Seychelles Frog, 5 species. Sometimes, the genusNasikabatrachus is considered a distinct family,Nasikabatrachidae Order
Caudata -Salamander sTotal 560 species
*SuborderCryptobranchoidea
**FamilyCryptobranchidae - Giant salamanders, 3 species
**FamilyHynobiidae - Asiatic salamanders, 51 species
*** SubfamilyHynobiinae , 50 species
*** SubfamilyProtohynobiinae , 1 species
*SuborderSalamandroidea
**FamilyAmbystomatidae - Mole salamanders, 37 species. The genus Dicamptodon is sometimes considered a distinct family,Dicamptodontidae - Pacific giant salamanders
**FamilyAmphiumidae - Amphiumas or Congo eels, 3 species
**Family Plethodontidae - Lungless salamanders, 378 species
*** SubfamilyBolitoglossinae , 249 species
*** SubfamilyHemidactyliinae , 1 species
*** SubfamilyPlethodontinae , 93 species
*** SubfamilySpelerpinae , 35 species
**FamilyProteidae - Mudpuppies and Waterdogs, 6 species
**FamilyRhyacotritonidae - Torrent salamanders, 4 species
**FamilySalamandridae - True salamanders and newts, 74 species
*** SubfamilyPleurodelinae , 59 species
*** SubfamilySalamandrinae , 15 species
*SuborderSirenoidea
**FamilySirenidae - Sirens, 4 speciesOrder
Gymnophiona - CaecilianTotal 171 species
**FamilyCaeciliidae - Common caecilians, 121 species
***Subfamily:Caeciliinae , 101 species, not always considered a coherent subfamily
***Subfamily:Scolecomorphinae , 6 species, sometimes considered a distinct family
***Subfamily:Typhlonectinae , 14 species, sometimes considered a distinct family
**FamilyIchthyophiidae - Fish caecilians, 41 species
**FamilyRhinatrematidae - Beaked caecilians, 9 speciesources, external links
Largely based on:
Frost, Darrel R. 2007. Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 5.1 (10 October, 2007). Electronic Database accessible at http://research.amnh.org/herpetology/amphibia/index.php. American Museum of Natural History, New York, USA.
See:
* [http://research.amnh.org/herpetology/amphibia/index.html/ Amphibian Species of the World]and also:
* [http://www.amphibiaweb.org/ AmphibiaWeb]
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