Manuel Colom Argueta

Manuel Colom Argueta

Manuel Colom Argueta (8 April 1932 – 22 March 1979) was mayor of Guatemala City and an important progressive leader of the opposition in Guatemala.[1]

Born in Guatemala City, Colom studied at the El Rosario school, the Liceo Infantil and Escuela Nacional República de Costa Rica (1940–1946),[1] completing his secondary schooling at the Instituto Nacional Central para Varones (INCV) where he became student association president. He graduated as one of the top students. He entered the Law Faculty at the Universidad de San Carlos de Guatemala in 1950, again becoming a student leader there.[1] He became involved in national campaigns for democracy and against the dictatorships during his studies and in 1955 was one of 33 citizens to publicly oppose the plebiscite aimed at confirming Carlos Castillo in power. He was targeted in the armed break-up of a student protest on 25 June 1956 which left several students dead.

Colom graduated as a lawyer and notary in 1957. He was granted a scholarship to continue his studies in Florence, Italy, having helped to found the Partido Revolucionario (Revolutionary Party), later leaving the party claiming it had abandoned its democratic ideals. He returned from Italy in 1960.

Back in Guatemala, Colom became involved in the '13 de Noviembre' movement backed by army officers against the government of Miguel Ydígoras, soon leaving after differences over tactics. In 1961, he was one of the founders of the Unidad Revolucionaria Democrática (URD), which led opposition to Ydígoras and Enrique Peralta. In March–April 1962, students and workers rose up against the government; student and political leaders were sought. In the same year, he married an Italian, Anna Borghini, in Florence. Then together, returned to live in Guatemala and they had three children (Lorena, Mónica and Rodolfo). On 25 January 1963, Colom and other leaders were detained, later forced into exile in El Salvador, where he worked at the National University.

In 1964, Colom was named Secretary General of the URD. In 1970, the URD, as the 'Civic Committee' proposed him as candidate for Mayor of Guatemala City, and he won the election comfortably. The Presidency was won by General Carlos Arana with Dr. Adolfo Mijangos López elected deputy for the Central District. Colom rolled out a wide municipal programme and worked as President of ANAM, the national association of Guatemalan municipalities. In 1973 he fought to have FURD – the Frente Unido Revolucionario Democrático – approved by the electoral commission so that it could fight the 1974 general election. The move was blocked by several delaying tactics, apparently as Colom would have had a good chance of winning the presidency. He was proposed as a candidate by members of other parties, but these moves were blocked by traditionalists. The opposition parties eventually backed Efraín Ríos Montt as candidate and claim to have won the elections. However, Kjell Laugerud became President after alleged massive electoral fraud. In 1965, Colom returned to Florence on another scholarship where he studied urban planning.

In 1976, Colom returned and once again tried to form and register a political party – the Frente Unido de la Revolución (FUR). The same year there was an attempt on his life that left Colom injured and reliant on bodyguards after further attempts and threats. He continued his academic work at San Carlos University, combining this with politics.

On 15 March 1979, FUR was finally registered as a political party after several years. However, a week later on 22 March, Colom was assassinated,[2] receiving 45 bullet wounds, having been the target of a carefully planned military operation led by Major General Cancinos, that included army helicopters and several military resources (Cancinos was assassinated 3 months later). This assassination, under the military-dominated and repressive regime of General Fernando Romeo Lucas (President 1978-1982), was one of several, including Social Democrat Party founder Alberto Fuentes Mohr.

On 22 March 2009 the Government of Guatemala granted to Manuel Colom Argueta, post mortem, the Order of the Quetzal in the grade of the Grand Cross, as part of the 30th anniversary of his murder. The Order of the Quetzal was delivered to Manuel Colom Argueta's children by president Alvaro Colom Caballeros.[1]

See also

  • Álvaro Colom, nephew of Manuel Colom, placed second in the 2003 presidential election; in the next election, held on 4 November 2007, he was elected President of Guatemala, defeating former general Otto Pérez Molina by five percentage points.

References

  1. ^ a b c d Secretaría de la Paz (SEPAZ). "Manuel Colom Argueta". sepaz.gob.gt. http://www.sepaz.gob.gt/documentacion/biografias-de-la-paz/104-manuel-colom-argueta. Retrieved 2011-07-31. 
  2. ^ Sandoval, Marta (22-03-2009). "Manuel Colom Argueta y la promesa de Lucas". El Periódico. http://www.elperiodico.com.gt/es/20090322/domingo/95457. Retrieved 2011-07-31. 

Wikimedia Foundation. 2010.

Игры ⚽ Нужно решить контрольную?

Look at other dictionaries:

  • Manuel Colom Argueta — (8 de abril de 1932 22 de marzo de 1979) fue alcalde de la ciudad de Guatemala y un importante líder de la oposición progresista en ese país.[1] Nació en la ciudad de Guatemala, estudió en la escuela El Rosario, Liceo Infantil y la Escuela… …   Wikipedia Español

  • Colom — is a common surname in Catalan language. It is a word meaning dove . It may refer to: Contents 1 People 1.1 Given name 1.2 Surname …   Wikipedia

  • Álvaro Colom — Álvaro Colom, Presidente de Guatemala 47.º presidente d …   Wikipedia Español

  • Álvaro Colom — Infobox President name = Álvaro Colom Caballeros imagesize = 200px order = President of Guatemala term start = 14 January 2008 term end = predecessor = Óscar Berger successor = birth date = birth date and age|1951|06|15|df=y birth place =… …   Wikipedia

  • Álvaro Colom — Pour les articles homonymes, voir Colom. Álvaro Colom Mandats …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Alvaro Colom — Álvaro Colom Pour les articles homonymes, voir Álvaro. Álvaro Colom …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Alvaro Colom Caballeros — Álvaro Colom Pour les articles homonymes, voir Álvaro. Álvaro Colom …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Álvaro Colom Caballeros — Álvaro Colom Pour les articles homonymes, voir Álvaro. Álvaro Colom …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Alberto Fuentes Mohr — Este artículo está huérfano, pues pocos o ningún artículo enlazan aquí. Por favor, introduce enlaces hacia esta página desde otros artículos relacionados …   Wikipedia Español

  • Oliverio Castañeda de León — En este artículo se detectaron los siguientes problemas: Necesita ser wikificado conforme a las convenciones de estilo de Wikipedia. Carece de fuentes o referencias que aparezcan en una fuente acreditada. Por favor …   Wikipedia Español

Share the article and excerpts

Direct link
Do a right-click on the link above
and select “Copy Link”