Arbovirus

Arbovirus

Arbovirus is a shortened name given to viruses that are transmitted by arthropods, or arthropod-borne viruses [cite web |url= http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dvbid/arbor/arbdet.htm |title= CDC Information on Arboviral Encephalitides | accessdate=2007-02-07 ] .

Some Arboviruses are able to cause emergent disease. Arthropods are able to transmit the virus upon biting allowing the virus to enter the bloodstream which can cause viraemia.

The majority of the Arboviruses are spherical in shape although a few are rod shaped. They are 17-150 nm in diameter and all have a RNA genome. These viruses do not normally infect humans but if they do, they usually cause a mild infection such as a fever or a rash. Others however are epidemic and can cause serious infections such as meningitis and encephalitis that can be fatal.

There are ways of preventing these infections from occurring such as using mosquito repellents and getting rid of the breeding grounds that mosquitoes use. Insecticides can also be used. People can also reduce the risk of getting bitten by the mosquito by wearing protective clothing.

The immune system plays a role in defense against the infections. Arboviruses usually stimulate interferon. Antibodies are made and these can prevent viraemia from occurring. The cell mediated immunity is also important.

Arbovirus infections can be diagnosed by carrying out ELISA and PCR techniques. Complement fixation can also be used.

List of arboviruses (not complete)

* Chikungunya
* Dengue fever
* Ross River virus
* Vesicular stomatitis virus
* West Nile virus
* Yellow fever
* Tick-borne Encephalitis
* Japanese Encephalitis
* La Crosse Encephalitis
* Murray Valley encephalitis virus
* Rift Valley fever
* St. Louis Encephalitis
* Equine Encephalitis
* Epizootic Hemorrhagic Disease (EHD) of deer
* O'nyong'nyong virus
* Louping ill virus

References

*http://www.tulane.edu/~dmsander/WWW/335/Emerging1.html
*http://www.tulane.edu/~dmsander/WWW/335/Arboviruses.html
*http://www.epi.state.nc.us/epi/arbovirus/
*http://pathmicro.med.sc.edu/mhunt/arbo.htm


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Look at other dictionaries:

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  • Arbovirus — Saltar a navegación, búsqueda Virus de la rubeola, un Togaviridae. Los arbovirus es el nombre mnemónico que se la ha dado a un conjunto de virus transmitidos todos por artrópodos, del inglés arthropod borne viru …   Wikipedia Español

  • arbovirus — un complejo grupo de virus muy dispares, la mayoría patógenos para los vertebrados que reciben este nombre por ser transmitidos por artrópodos. Se clasifican en varias grandes familias Clasificación [véase… …   Diccionario médico

  • arbovirus — [är΄bə vī′rəs] n. [ AR(THROPOD) + BO(RNE) + VIRUS] any of a group of RNA viruses, including those that cause yellow fever and viral encephalitis, which are transmitted to people by certain bloodsucking arthropods, esp. mosquitoes and ticks …   English World dictionary

  • Arbovirus — Arbovirus …   Wikipédia en Français

  • arbovirus — /ahr beuh vuy reuhs/, n., pl. arboviruses. any of several groups of RNA containing viruses that are transmitted by bloodsucking arthropods, as ticks, fleas, or mosquitoes, and may cause encephalitis, yellow fever, or dengue fever. [1955 60;… …   Universalium

  • arbovirus — Grupo de virus que se desarrolla en artrópodos (principalmente mosquitos y garrapatas). El nombre deriva del inglés arthropod borne virus. La partícula viral esferoidal está envuelta en una membrana grasa, contiene ARN y no causa daño aparente al …   Enciclopedia Universal

  • arbovirus — /ˈaboʊvaɪrəs/ (say ahbohvuyruhs) noun 1. a virus carried by an arthropod such as a mosquito. 2. Also, arbovirus encephalitis. a form of encephalitis caused by such a virus …  

  • arbovirus Bunyamwera — Cualquiera de los virus que infectan al ser humano, son transmitidos por mosquitos desde los roedores que sirven de intermediarios y causan la encefalitis de California, la fiebre del valle del Rift y otras enfermedades caracterizadas por cefalea …   Diccionario médico

  • arbovirus — noun Etymology: arthropod borne virus Date: 1957 any of various RNA viruses (as the causative agents of encephalitis, yellow fever, and dengue) transmitted chiefly by arthropods …   New Collegiate Dictionary

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