Baron Cromwell

Baron Cromwell is a title that has been created several times in the Peerage of England. The first creation, which was by writ, was for John de Cromwell in 1308. On his death, the barony became extinct.

The second creation came in 1375 when Ralph de Cromwell was summoned by writ to Parliament as Lord Cromwell. His grandson, the third Baron, served as Lord High Treasurer to King Henry VI. However, on his death in 1455 the barony fell into abeyance between his nieces Maude and Joan. On Joan's death in 1490 the abeyance was terminated in favour of Maude, the fourth holder. When she died childless in 1497 the peerage once again fell into abeyance, this time between the daughters of the first Baron. The title remained in abeyance for over 400 years.

However, in 1922 the Committee for Privileges of the House of Lords reported in favour of the petition for the termination of the abeyancy of Selina Frances Bewicke-Copley, wife of Brigadier-General Sir Charles Watson Bewicke-Copley. She was the daughter of Sir Charles Watson Copley, 3rd Baronet, and one of the co-heirs of Maud, daughter of the first Baron Cromwell. Selina died in 1923 and in July of the same year the abeyance was terminated in favour of her son Robert Godfrey Wolesley Bewicke-Copley, who became the fifth Baron. He notably served as Lord Lieutenant of Leicestershire. As of 2007 the ancient barony is held by his grandson, the seventh Baron, who succeeded his father in 1982.

The third creation of the title came in 1461 when Sir Humphrey Bourchier was summoned by writ to Parliament as Lord Cromwell. On his death the barony became extinct.

The fourth creation of the title came in 1536 for the famous statesman Thomas Cromwell, who served in many political offices, including Chancellor of the Exchequer, Lord Chancellor, and Lord Privy Seal. In contrast to the three previous creations this peerage was created by letters patent. In 1540, Lord Cromwell was made Earl of Essex, but later that year he was executed for treason, and all of his titles were forfeit. For more information on these titles, see the Earl of Essex (1540 creation).

The final creation of the title came in 1540 for Gregory Cromwell, also by letters patent. He was the son of Thomas Cromwell. His great-grandson, the fourth Baron, was made Earl of Ardglass in 1645. For more information, see this title.

Barons Cromwell, First Creation (1308)

*John de Cromwell, 1st Baron Cromwell (d. c. 1335)

Barons Cromwell, Second Creation (1375)

*Ralph de Cromwell, 1st Baron Cromwell (d. 1398)
*Ralph de Cromwell, 2nd Baron Cromwell (1368-1417)
*Ralph de Cromwell, 3rd Baron Cromwell (1403-1455) (abeyant 1455)
*Maud Stanhope, 4th Baroness Cromwell (d. 1497) (became sole heir 1490; abeyant 1497)
*Robert Godfrey Wolesley Bewicke-Copley, 5th Baron Cromwell (1893-1966) (abeyance terminated 1923)
*David Godfrey Bewicke-Copley, 6th Baron Cromwell (1929-1982)
*Godfrey John Bewicke-Copley, 7th Baron Cromwell (b. 1960)

The Heir Apparent is the present holder's son Hon. David Godfrey Bewicke-Copley (b. 21 September 1998)David has one older sister, Helen (b. 18 March 1994), and two younger twin brothers, Ralph and John (b. 2000 I think).

Barons Cromwell, Third Creation (1461)

*Humphrey Bourchier, 1st Baron Cromwell (d. 1471)

Barons Cromwell, Fourth Creation (1536)

*see the Earl of Essex (1540 creation)

Barons Cromwell, Fifth Creation (1540)

"See Earl of Ardglass"

References

*Kidd, Charles, Williamson, David (editors). "Debrett's Peerage and Baronetage" (1990 edition). New York: St Martin's Press, 1990.
* [http://www.angeltowns.com/town/peerage/ Leigh Rayment's Peerage Page]
* [http://www.thepeerage.com/ www.thepeerage.com]