- USS S-28 (SS-133)
USS "S-28" (SS-133) was a S-class
submarine of theUnited States Navy . Her keel was laid down on16 April 1919 by theBethlehem Shipbuilding Corporation inQuincy, Massachusetts . She was launched on20 September 1922 sponsored by Mrs. William R. Monroe, and commissioned on13 December 1923 with Lieutenant Kemp C. Christian in command.Following shakedown exercises off the southern
New England coast, "S-28" moved south in March1924 to join Submarine Division (SubDiv) 11, in the final exercises of that year's winter maneuvers in theCaribbean Sea . In April, she returned toNew London, Connecticut , with her division and commenced local exercises which occupied the remainder of the year. With the winter of1925 , she moved south again; transited thePanama Canal , and, after the conclusion ofFleet Problem V , conducted in the vicinity ofGuadalupe Island , she arrived in theHawaiian Islands for a month's stay. In June, she moved east, toSan Diego, California , where her division replaced another which had been transferred to the Asiatic Fleet.Into
1931 , the submarine operated primarily off southernCalifornia deploying forfleet problem s in thePanama Canal area in1926 and1929 ; for summer maneuvers inHawaii an waters in1927 and1930 , and for regularly scheduled overhaul periods atMare Island Navy Yard throughout the period.She departed the west coast for
Hawaii in mid-February1931 and, on23 February , arrived atPearl Harbor , whence she operated for the next eight and one-half years. In mid-1939 , she was transferred back toSan Diego, California , where she was based until after theUnited States enteredWorld War II .On
7 December 1941 , "S-28", then a unit of SubDiv 41, was undergoing overhaul atMare Island . On22 January 1942 , the work was completed, and she returned to San Diego, where she resumed her prewar training activities for the Underwater Sound Training School. She continued that duty into the spring, then was ordered north, to theAleutian Islands , to augment the defenses of thatAlaska n island chain.On
20 May , "S-28", with other submarines of her division, departedSan Diego, California . Five days later, they topped off atPort Angeles, Washington , then continued on toward the newly established submarine base atDutch Harbor, Alaska . On29 May , however, as preparations were made to minimize a two-pronged Japanese thrust againstMidway Island and theAleutian Islands , the S-boats were directed to proceed to their stations, bypassing Dutch Harbor.During a quickly extinguished fire in her port main motor on the morning of
1 June , "S-28" suffered minor damage. That evening, she parted company with her sister ships and their escort, and, the next day, she entered her assigned area and commenced patrolling the approaches toCold Bay on the tip of theAlaskan Peninsula . On3 June , the Japanese bombedDutch Harbor, Alaska , to open the war in theAleutian Islands , and, within the week, they had occupiedKiska and Attu. On12 June , "S-28" arrived at Dutch Harbor, refueled, took on provisions, and headed west to resume her war patrol.On
15 June , she crossed theInternational Date Line , and, on17 June , after a two-day storm, she sighted Kiska and set a course to intercept enemy shipping between there and Attu. On18 June , she fired on her first enemy target, adestroyer , and was in turn attacked. Eight hours later, sounds of the destroyer's search faded out to the south. "S-28" had survived her first encounter with Japanese antisubmarine warfare tactics.Poor weather soon returned and storms raged during eighty percent of her remaining time on station. On
28 June , she moored inDutch Harbor, Alaska , and commenced refit. On15 July , she got underway and again headed for the Kiska area. On18 July , she reconnoiteredSemisopochnoi , then moved on toSegula . Finding no signs of Japanese activity, she continued westward. On20 July , she was ordered to take station on an 85 miles (140 km) circle fromSirius Point prior to sunrise on22 July , at which time the enemy's facilities on Kiska were to be bombarded. The bombardment was delayed, and "S-28" remained on that more distant station until30 July when she was ordered back into the Kiska area. On18 August , having been unable to close any of the targets sighted during the latter part of her patrol, she returned to Dutch Harbor.On her third war patrol,
16 September to10 October , "S-28" returned to theKiska area. She operated to the north of the island until25 October ; then, with the discovery of the enemy's development ofGertrude Cove onVega Bay , she shifted to the island's southern shore. On the night of6 October -7 October , she turned towardUnalaska ; and, on the morning of10 October , as she prepared to fire on an unidentified vessel, a ground in her fire control circuits caused an accidental firing from the No. 1 tube.That afternoon, "S-28" arrived back in
Dutch Harbor, Alaska , whence she headed for home. She reachedSan Diego, California , on23 October , and provided training services for the West Coast Sound School and for the Amphibious Forces Training Group from26 October to13 November . Then, during an overhaul, she received a fathometer, a Kleinschmidt distilling unit, and SJ radar. On9 December , she again sailed north. On16 December she reported by radio to TG 8.5; and, on21 December she returned to Dutch Harbor.Six days later, "S-28" departed on her fourth war patrol. On
3 January 1943 , she crossed theInternational Date Line and, on5 January , she entered her assigned area in the northernKuril Islands . Moving down theParamushiro coast, she patrolled inOnekotan Strait ; then headed north again and, on20 January , passedShumushu , whence she set a course for theAleutian Islands .During her fifth war patrol, from
6 February to28 February , theWorld War I design submarine remained in the westernAleutian Islands , patrolling across the Attu-Buldir -Sirius Point route and along the coast of Attu, particularly offHoltz Bay ,Chichagof Harbor , andSarana Bay . Poor weather and lack of speed, however, impeded her hunting.On her return to Dutch Harbor, "S-28" was ordered south; and, on
4 March , she got underway forEsquimalt, British Columbia , where, from15 March to15 April , she conducted sound tests and antisubmarine warfare exercises withCanadian Navy andCanadian Air Force units. She then continued on to thePuget Sound Navy Yard for overhaul and superstructure modification work. On27 June , she started back toAlaska ; and, on13 July , she departed Dutch Harbor to return to the northernKuril Islands for her sixth war patrol.Again she patrolled off
Paramushiro and in the straits to the north and south of that island. Again she was hindered by the weather, obsolete design, and by mechanical failures. On14 August , she headed east; and, on16 August , she moored inMassacre Bay, Attu , and commenced refit.The late arrival of needed spares from Dutch Harbor delayed her readiness for sea, but, on
8 September , "S-28" departed the western Aleutians to return to the northernKuril Islands . On13 September , she entered her patrol area. On15 September , severe smoking and sparking from her port main motor necessitated fourteen hours of repair work. On16 September , she transitedMushiru Kaikyo ; and, on the afternoon of19 September , she closed an unescorted freighter off the island ofAraito . Her torpedoes missed their mark. The "freighter" turned and within minutes had delivered the first twodepth charge s of a ten-minute attack. The Japanese ship searched the area for an hour, then departed."S-28" reloaded and continued her patrol. At 19:16, she contacted a second unescorted enemy vessel. At 1943, she fired a spread of four
torpedo es. At 1944, two of the four exploded. The target took on a 30-degree list and began to go down by the bow. At1946 , the 1368-ton converted gunboat "Katsura Maru Number Two" sank, bow first, her stern vertical in the air. Five loudunderwater explosion s followed her disappearance. "S-28" went deep and rigged for a depth charging which did not materialize.Into October, "S-28" hunted just north of
Araito and off the coast of Kamchatka. On5 October , she moved throughOnekotan Strait and continued her patrol on the Pacific side of theKuril Islands . On10 October , however, a crewman developed severeappendicitis , and thesubmarine turned toward Attu one day ahead of schedule.On
13 October , she moored at Attu. The next day, she departed forDutch Harbor, Alaska , whence, in November, she headed south toHawaii . She arrived atPearl Harbor at mid-month and, after overhaul, commenced training duty. For the next seven months, she remained in Hawaiian waters, providing training services. Then, on3 July 1944 , she began training operations offOahu with theUnited States Coast Guard cutter USCGC|Reliance|WSC-150|2. The antisubmarine warfare exercises continued into the evening of4 July . At 17:30, the day's concluding exercise began. Contact between the two became sporadic and, at 18:20, the last, brief contact with "S-28" was made and lost. All attempts to establish communications failed.Assistance arrived from
Pearl Harbor , but a thorough search of the area failed to locate the submarine. Two days later, a diesel oil slick appeared in the area where she had been operating, but the extreme depth exceeded the range of available equipment. A Court of Inquiry was unable to determine the cause of the loss of "S-28"."S-28" was awarded one
battle star for her services inWorld War II .References
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External links
* [http://www.oneternalpatrol.com/uss-s-28-133.htm On Eternal Patrol: USS "S-28"]
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