Sewart Air Force Base

Infobox Military Structure
name=Sewart Air Force Base

partof=Tactical Air Command (TAC)
location= Located near Smyrna, Tennessee
coordinates= Coord|36|00|32.32|N|86|31|12.27|W|type:airport


caption= 11 March 1997
Location Of Sewart Air Force Base
type=Air Force Base
code=
built=1941
builder=
materials=
height=
used=1941-1971
demolished=
condition=
ownership=
controlledby=United States Air Force
garrison=Tactical Air Command
commanders=
occupants=64th Troop Carrier/Tactical Airlift Wing (1966-1971)
battles=
events=:"For the civilian use of this facility after 1971, see Smyrna Airport":"Not to be confused with Stewart Air Force Base".Sewart Air Force Base (1941-1971) is a former United States Air Force base located near Smyrna, about 12 miles South of Nashville, Tennessee.

History

The War Department ordered the construction of a Bombardment Air Base near Nashville on 22 December 1941, shortly after the attack by the Japanese on Pearl Harbor. A tract of land consisting of convert|3325|acre|ha|0 located off US Route 70 in Rutherford County near Smyrna, Tennessee, was selected and acquired by the United States Army Air Force for use as an Army-Air Force Training Command Base.

Six thousand workers erected 200 buildings and air strips to accommodate 100 four-motor bombers to train crews for their tasks in the skies over Germany and Japan. By the end of January 1942 B-17 and B-24 bombers were soon operating from the base’s runways.

Throughout World War II military personnel appeared at Smyrna Army Airfield. In 1947 the base was deactivated; however, the newly created United States Air Force re-activated the facility as Smyrna Air Force Base in 1948.

314th Troop Carrier Wing

On 1 November 1948 the 314th Troop Carrier Wing was formed at Smyrna AFB. The mission of the 314th was a primary troop carrier unit in the eastern United States, involved in joint airborne training with Army forces, developed assault airlift operations, and participated in aerial demonstrations, exercises, maneuvers, and joint operations.

Transport Groups of the 314th were:

* 309th Group: 26 Jun 1949 - 20 Feb 1951
* 314th Group: 1 Nov 1948 - 8 Oct 1957
* 316th Group: 4 Nov 1949 - 14 Nov 1954
* 313th Group: 1 Oct 1953 - 8 Jun 1955
* 513th Group: 8 Nov 1955 - 8 Oct 1957
* 516th Group: 8 Mar 1955 - 9 Jul 1956

Squadrons of the 314th TCW were:

* 50th Troop Carrier: 8 Oct 1957 - 26 Dec 1965
* 61st Troop Carrier: 8 Oct 1957 - 1 Dec 1965
* 62d Troop Carrier: 8 Oct 1957 - 1 Dec 1965
* 18th Troop Carrier: 1 Jul 1963 - 1 Apr 1965

Cargo Aircraft assigned to the 314th were: C-82, 1948-1951; C-47, 1948-1953; CG-15 (glider), 1949-1951; C-119, 1949-1951; C-45, 1949-1951, 1954-1955; TC-46, 1950; C-46, 1952; C-123, 1956--1961; C-130, 1956- 1966

During the late 1950s, the 314th also hosted several helicopter squadrons:

* 20th Helicopter: 9 Jul 1956 - 17 Jul 1959
* 23d Helicopter: 9 Jul 1956 - 12 Oct 1956
* 24th Helicopter: 9 Jul 1956 - 25 Sep 1956
* 21st Helicopter: 30 Jun 1957 - 8 Oct 1957

These units flew the CH-21 Shawnee helicopter.

Smyrna AFB flourished in the late 1940s and 1950s. In the aftermath of World War II, the United States government renamed several military establishments in honor of fallen heroes. The Department of Defense chose to name the Smyrna base after native Tennessean Allan J. Sewart, Jr. of Nashville. On 25 March 1950, Sewart Air Force Base was officially dedicated in honor of the hero who died in a bombing mission over the Solomon Islands in November 1942.

In 1958, Sewart was the only operational C-130 base in the United States.

On 7 January 1960, seven ski-equipped C-130 Hercules from Sewart’s 61st Troop Carrier Squadron flew via California, Hawaii, Canton, Figi and New Zealand to support Operation Deep Freeze ’60 in Antarctica, during the summer months on the frozen continent. The mission was to supply the U.S. National Science Foundation by landing at two bases at the South Pole and Marie Byrd Land. Lt. Colonel Wilbert Turk, commander of the 61st, led the mission.

Staging from Christchurch, New Zealand, the C-130s flew seven hours forty minutes to McMurdo Sound, Antarctica, on 23 January to establish a record-breaking time previously held by a Navy R7V Super Constellation. The 114 pilots and support crew were quartered ten miles (16 km) out of the Ross Ice Shelf in order to be close to flight operations.

The use of the ski-equipped aircraft, which took place during twelve days in the final weeks of the summer support season, was called a significant advance in Antarctic explorations since the aircraft were the first to be able to physically land supplies at the front door of the scientific bases. Previously, supply was accomplished only by parachute by means of U.S. Naval Globemaster aircraft, potentially losing food goods, mail, building materials and damaging delicate equipment. The C-130s carried extra wingtip tanks to extend the flight capability of up to 600 extra miles.

The 61st TCS returned to Sewart on 20 February after demonstrating that the ski-equipped C-130s could be successfully employed as ground-landing delivery systems. In subsequent years, the U.S. Navy has taken over support of the scientific stations by means of the C-130 turbojet aircraft, manufactured by Lockheed Aircraft Co. of Marietta, GA.

On 15 January 1966 the 314th Troop Carrier Wing was reassigned to Ching Chuan Kang Air Base (CCK), Taiwan to support the Vietnam War. The 314th also maintained a large detachment of C-130Es at Tuy Hoa Air Base, South Vietnam until 1970. A placeholder unit, the 4413th Troop Carrier Wing was established at Sewart with the wings departure.

At Sewart, the 314th was awarded Air Force Outstanding Unit Awards for the following periods: 11 Jan - 14 Feb 1955 and 1 Jan 1960 - 31 Dec 1961.

463d Troop Carrier Wing

On 15 January 1959, the 463rd Troop Carrier Wing moved to Sewart AFB, being transferred from the closing Ardmore Air Force Base Oklahoma. Along with the 314th, the two wings made up the 839th Air Division.

The 839 AD supported Tactical Air Command and US Strike Command deployments throughout the world, including back-to-back deployments to Lebanon and Formosa in response to crisis situations on opposite sides of the world in the summer of 1958. 463d wing crews would be involved in numerous operations all over the world until the 463rd transferred to Pacific Air Forces to support the Vietnam War.

C-130 squadrons of the 463d at Sewart were:

* 772d Troop Carrier: 25 September 1957–30 June 1963
* 774th Troop Carrier: 25 September 1957–30 June 1963

During September 1961, the 463d supported the crisis in Berlin. Then, on 1 October 1962, the wing was redesignated as the 463rd Troop Carrier Wing (Assault). Immediately, the wing deployed to support the Cuban Missile Crisis (October–November 1962).

The wing moved to Langley AFB, Virginia, on 1 July 1963, then later deploying to Mactan AB and Clark AFB in the Philippines during 1965 to support the Vietnam War. A large detachment was established at Tan Son Nhut AB, South Vietnam, which flew transport missions until 31 December 1971 when the unit was deactivated.

At Sewart, the 463d was awarded the Air Force Outstanding Unit Award for the period 15 December 1960–1 April 1961.

64th Troop Carrier/Tactical Airlift Wing

With the departure of the 314th and 463d TCWs to PACAF, the 64th Troop Carrier Wing was activated at Sewart on 7 March 1966, replacing the 4413th. On 1 May 1967 the unit was redesignated as the 64th Tactical Airlift Wing.

The 64th initially performed global airlift and medical evacuation missions, including several deployments to South Vietnam and Thailand. However beginning in 1968, its primary mission was providing C-130 combat crew training for other units deploying to the Vietnam War.

C-130E squadrons of the 64th at Sewart were:

* 61st Troop Carrier: 1 July 1966 - 31 May 1971 (Tail Code: ST)
* 62d Troop Carrier: 1 July 1966 - 31 May 1971 (Tail Code: SR)

At Sewart, the 64th was awarded the Air Force Outstanding Unit Award with Combat "V" Device for the period 1 July 1966 - 30 June 1967 and (without "V" device) 1 June 1969 - 31 May 1971.

On 9 December 1965 the Department of Defense announced the closure of several military bases in the United States, and Sewart was one of those scheduled to close. It was closed in 1971 when on 9 March the last Hercules C-130 left the runway. The 64th TCW was inactivated on 31 May 1971 with the closure of Sewart AFB.

Redevelopment

When the base was deactivated it was transferred to a civilian operation. Ownership of the base was transferred to the Army Corps of Engineers and ultimately to the Smyrna/Rutherford County Airport Authority.

The bulk of the property vacated by the USAF was divided between three entities: 1) Rutherford County 2) State of Tennessee and 3) Metropolitan Nashville Airport Authority.

Rutherford County formed an Economic Development Committee composed of county commissioners, the county executive and the county mayors of the municipalities. This group was instrumental in the conversion of the property obtained from the Department of Defense to private industrial use.

Some of the larger industries recruited included Better Built Aluminum, Cumberland Swan, and Square D. During the 1970s many new jobs were created, and as a result, Smyrna's population nearly tripled between 1970 and 1980.

The property received by the State of Tennessee has been utilized by the Tennessee Rehabilitation Center. A portion of the base, to include some hangar and aircraft ramp space, was retained by the Corps of Engineers and licensed for use by the Tennessee Army National Guard.

The land granted to the Metropolitan Nashville Airport Authority included the runways, hangars, clear zones and related aviation facilities. The airport property was held for nearly 20 years with very few improvements. In 1990 the Metropolitan Nashville Airport Authority agreed to relinquish control and transfer the airport to the newly formed Smyrna/Rutherford County Airport Authority.

ee also

* Tennessee World War II Army Airfields

References

* Ravenstein, Charles A., Air Force Combat Wings: Linege and Honors Histories 1947-1977. Office OF Air Force History, United States Air Force, 1984
* USAAS-USAAC-USAAF-USAF Aircraft Serial Numbers--1908 to Present [http://home.att.net/~jbaugher/usafserials.html]

External links