Reinout Willem van Bemmelen

Reinout Willem van Bemmelen

Infobox Scientist
name = Reinout Willem van Bemmelen
box_width =


image_width =150px
caption = Reinout Willem van Bemmelen
birth_date = April 14 1904
birth_place = Batavia (Dutch East Indies)
death_date = November 19 1983
death_place = Unterpirkach (Austria
residence =
citizenship =
nationality = Dutch
ethnicity =
field = geology
work_institutions =
alma_mater =
doctoral_advisor =
doctoral_students =
known_for = orogeny
author_abbrev_bot =
author_abbrev_zoo =
influences =
influenced =
prizes =
religion =
footnotes =

Reinout Willem van Bemmelen (April 14 1904 Batavia (Dutch East Indies) - November 19 1983 Unterpirkach (Austria)) was a Dutch geologist. His main interest lay with structural geology, economic geology and volcanology. He is known for his work on these subjects and on the geology of Indonesia.

Rein van Bemmelen spent his youth in the Dutch East Indies, where his father Willem van Bemmelen was the director of the Magnetic, Meteorological and Seismological Observatory. From 1920 to 1927 he studied mining engineering at Delft University in the Netherlands. Among his teachers were H.A. Brouwer and G.A.F. Molengraaff. Van Bemmelen became PhD in 1927 with a study on the geology of the Cordillera Bética. He took courses in volcanology at Naples and then worked with the geological survey in the Dutch East Indies, where he mapped parts of Java and Sumatra. From 1933 to 1935 he studied pedology at the Technical University of Vienna. After that he went back to Java to continue his research there. His main interest was in volcanology (magmas and pyroclastic rocks), structural geology and tectonics, especially sliding tectonics.

He was able to observe the 1930's activity of Mount Merapi from the volcanological post at Babadan on the north west slope.

When the Japanese occupied the Dutch East Indies in World War II Van Bemmelen and his wife spent three years in a prisoners camp. [He belonged to a small number of professionals who where allowed by the Japanese to continue with the their work. It was during that time that he managed to publish the 1941 issue of the Netherlands East Indian Volcanological Suvey, which came out in 1943.] With the end of the war they moved to the Netherlands, where they lived in The Hague. The Dutch government assigned to Van Bemmelen the job to recollect all information on the geology of the Indonesian Archipelago. (Van Bemmelen had summarized that information in a manuscript destroyed during the war). (The manuscript was entrusted to his assistant who took it to Yogyakarta. When diplomatic relations between the Netherlands and Indonesia were established, the manuscript was returned to him. In the meantime, Van Bemmelen was able to produce a similar documents and) In 1949 his "The Geology of Indonesia" was published, just after Indonesia's independence. Van Bemmelen then spent a year as assistant of S.G. Trooster at Utrecht University and then worked for Shell as a consultant.

In 1950 Van Bemmelen became a professor at Utrecht University. Together with M.G. Rutten he started research on the volcanology and paleomagnetism of Iceland. He supervised seven doctoral dissertations on the tectonics of the Italian Alps and several dissertations on hydrology (his chair was Economic Geology).

Van Bemmelen is known for his explanation of orogeny. In his book "Mountain Building" he postulated his "Undation Theory". The mechanism behind orogeny was, according to Van Bemmelen, in the mantle. Due to geochemical differentiation slight differences in density would lead to vertical flow in the mantle, resulting in orogeny.

These ideas had to be adjusted with plate tectonics as the mechanism of orogeny. In 1972 Van Bemmelen's book "Geodynamic Models" the "Undation Theory" was integrated in plate tectonics.

Van Bemmelen retired in 1969, after the death of his wife in 1983 he moved to Austria, where he died shortly after. [When he turned 70, "Geologie en Mijnbouw" publish a special issue on this occasion.] After his death a controversial TV series was made about his role in the euthanasia of his wife.

ources

*W.J.M. van der Linden: "in Memoriam: Rein van Bemmelen", in 'Geologie en Mijnbouw' Vol 63 No. 1 (1984)
*P. Marks: "Honderd jaar geologisch onderwijs aan de Rijksuniversiteit Utrecht"

Publication

* Bemmelen, R. W. van (Reinout Willem van) "The Geology of Indonesia" The Hague : Govt. Printing Office, 1949. 2 volumes


Wikimedia Foundation. 2010.

Игры ⚽ Нужно сделать НИР?

Look at other dictionaries:

  • Reinout Willem van Bemmelen — (* 14. April 1904 in Jakarta, Niederländisch Indien; † 19. November 1983 in Unterpirkach, Österreich) war ein niederländischer Geologe, der sich vor allem mit Strukturgeologie, Wirtschaftsgeologie und Vulkanologie befasste und grundlegende… …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Bemmelen — ist der Name folgender Personen: Bas van Bemmelen (* 1989), niederländischer Volleyballspieler Reinout Willem van Bemmelen (1904–1983), niederländischer Geologe Diese Seite ist eine Begriffsklärung zur Unterscheidung mehr …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Bemmelen — Bẹmmelen,   Reinout Willem van, niederländischer Geologe, * Batavia (heute Jakarta) 14. 4. 1904; 1927 46 in der geologischen Landesaufnahme in Indonesien tätig, ab 1949 Professor in Utrecht; veröffentlichte außer regionalen geologischen Studien… …   Universal-Lexikon

  • Geology of Indonesia — This is a brief summary of the geology of Indonesia. The details are stored in Wikibooks [http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/The Geology of Indonesia] Tectonics The tectonics of Indonesia is very complex as it is a meeting point of several tectonic… …   Wikipedia

  • Wollaston Medal — The Wollaston Medal is a scientific award for geology, the highest award granted by the Geological Society of London.The medal is named after William Hyde Wollaston, and was first awarded in 1831. It was originally made of palladium, a metal… …   Wikipedia

  • Volcanoes of Java — Java is almost entirely of volcanic origin, and contains numerous volcanoes, 20 of which have been active in recent historical times. As is the case for many other Indonesian islands, volcanoes have played a vital role in the geological and human …   Wikipedia

  • Tobasee — Geographische Lage Sumatra Inseln Samosir Größere Städte in der Nähe …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • SUBDUCTION — La subduction peut être définie comme la plongée d’une plaque de lithosphère océanique sous une autre plaque lithosphérique, jusqu’à une profondeur de 700 kilomètres, au delà de laquelle elle est recyclée dans le manteau. Cette plongée est… …   Encyclopédie Universelle

Share the article and excerpts

Direct link
Do a right-click on the link above
and select “Copy Link”