Bianca C (ship)

The "Bianca C" was a passenger ship that sank on two occasions, the first time in France before being completed, and the second time after an explosion and fire off the island of Grenada.

Built during World War II at Construction Navales La Ciotat, a shipyard on the southern coast of France, the boat was first launched in June 1944 under the name "Marechal Petain". Construction had not yet been completed, so the ship was towed to Port de Bouc, near Marseille, where she was torpedoed by the Germans in August. When the hull was raised, it was renamed "La Marseillaise" and towed to Toulon before being returned to La Ciotat to be refitted as a cruise ship. When the remodeling was completed in July 1949, she sailed to Yokohama. In 1957, the ship was given the name "Arosa Sky" after being sold to Panama's Arosa Line. She was refitted again and became the company's flagship, but within two years Arosa Line was forced to sell the boat to Costa Line, an Italian company also known as Linea C. After that 1959 sale, the boat was renamed the "Bianca C" (the second Costa C ship so named) for one of the owner's daughters, and was refurbished once again. The "Bianca C"'s main route ran from Italy to Venezuela, including stops in the Caribbean.

On October 22, 1961, the "Bianca C" was ten days out of Naples and docked off Grenada when an explosion occurred in the engine room in the early hours of the morning. One crewman died immediately, and eight others were injured. As fires broke out, approximately 700 passengers and crew scrambled to abandon the ship while Grenadian fishermen and boat owners, awakened by the noise of the explosion, near the harbor of St. George's rushed to help. Survivors were taken to the capital, where makeshift hospitals were hastily established to provide shelter and food. Because Grenada did not have the equipment to quench such a large fire, a call for help was sent and was received by the British frigate HMS "Londonderry" at Puerto Rico. It took two days for the "Londonderry" to arrive, and by that time the "Bianca C" had begun to sink. The burning ship was in the main anchorage and would block the harbor if it sank there, so a "Londonderry" boarding party boarded the flaming boat to attach a towline. The anchor lines of the "Bianca C" were burned, and today the anchors are still at the mouth of the St. George's harbor. Meanwhile, the "Londonderry" moved to tow the "Bianca C", but the latter ship was listing to port. Thousands of Grenadians watched from the mountains as the tow progressed for six hours, but the "Bianca C". had only moved three miles (5 km) when a squall started and the towline broke. The "Bianca C" sank quickly into convert|165|ft|m of water, about a mile from the popular tourist beach at Grand Anse.

In the 1970s, a Trinidadian firm salvaged the "Bianca C"'s propellers and sold them for scrap. As the top of the ship is in only about convert|100|ft|m of water, scuba divers can reach it and in the late 1980s and early 1990s some removed parts of the boat for souvenirs. In late 1992, the rear third of the ship was torn off and the ship began to deteriorate quickly, though at convert|600|ft|m in length it is still the region's largest shipwreck. A bronze statue of Christ of the Abyss was given by the Costa Line to Grenada in appreciation of the country's hospitality, and the statue stands in the Carenage surrounding the harbor at St. George's.

See also

* List of ship launches in 1944
* List of shipwrecks in 1944
* List of shipwrecks in 1961

References

* [http://www.divegrenada.com/biancac.htm Dive Grenada]
* [http://www.simplonpc.co.uk/CostaPCs.html#anchor307538 Costa Line - Linea "C" Page 1A - The Early Liners 1948-65] - Retrieved June 30, 2007

External links

* [http://www.simplonpc.co.uk/CostaPCs.html#anchor307538 Bianca C. postcards]
* [http://www.keyshistory.org/artchristofthedeep.html Sculpture Christ of the Deep]