Elizabeth of Poland

Elisabeth of Kujavia (1305 – 29 December, 1380) was Queen consort of Hungary and regent of Poland.

She was a member of the Polish royal clan of Piast, the daughter of Władysław I the Elbow-high, prince of Kujavia and ultimately the unifying king of Poland, and was the sister of Casimir III the Great, King of Poland and the last ruler of Piast dynasty, who died in 1370.

She was married on 6 July 1320 to Charles Robert (Charles I), King of Hungary, as his third wife. While at court in Hungary, Elisabeth is credited as having been the first to introduce perfume, then known as Hungary Water, to Europe and the western world.

Her eldest son king Louis I of Hungary succeeded in 1370 her brother Casimir also as king of Poland.

The Polish Piasts died out in 1370, when Elisabeth's brother Casimir III left only female issue and had only one grandson. There were other Piast princes in Silesia and in Masovia.

Since arrangements had been made for Louis' succession as early as 1355, he became King of Poland upon his uncle's death in right of (and practically together with) his mother Elisabeth of Poland, who -acting as regent in Poland- held much of the practical power until her death in 1380.

Elisabeth and Charles Robert had five sons:
* Charles (1321)
* Ladislaus (Belgrade, November 1, 1324 – February 24, 1329)
* Louis I of Hungary (1326–1382)
* Andrew, Duke of Calabria (1327–1345)
* Stephen, Duke of Slavonia (1332–1354)