- Battery Park City
Battery Park City is a 92 acre (0.4 km²)
planned community at the southwestern tip oflower Manhattan inNew York City ,United States . The land upon which it stands was created from theHudson River using 1.2 million cubic yards (917,000 m³) of dirt and rocks excavated during the construction of theWorld Trade Center and certain other construction projects, as well as from sand dredged from New York Harbor off Staten Island. [Howe, Arthur. [http://infoweb.newsbank.com/iw-search/we/InfoWeb?p_action=doc&p_docid=0EB293F7999CF967&p_docnum=5&p_queryname=NaN&p_product=NewsBank&p_theme=aggregated4&p_nbid=J4BH4EDFMTE4NTg0NzQ0OS4yODY4NjU6MTo3OnJhLTE4ODg "IN N.Y.C., A $1 BILLION DREAM RISES"] , "The Philadelphia Inquirer ",June 6 ,1982 . AccessedAugust 4 ,2007 . "Construction already is under way on the southern tip of Manhattan, at Battery Park City, land named for the British fort built there in 1693. The area was expanded by 1.2 million cubic yards of earth and rock excavated for the foundations of the World Trade Center nearby."] The neighborhood, which is the site of theWorld Financial Center along with numerous housing, commercial and retail buildings, is named for adjacent Battery Park.Battery Park City is owned and managed by the
Battery Park City Authority (BPCA), apublic-benefit corporation created by New York State under the authority of the Urban Development Corporation [ [http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9F07EED7153BF93AA2575BC0A967948260 6 BUILDERS CHOSEN FOR HOUSING AT BATTERY PARK CITY - New York Times - August 19, 1981] ] . Excess revenue from the area was to be contributed to other housing efforts, typically low-income projects in theBronx and Harlem.Under the 1989 agreement between the BPCA and the City of New York, $600 million was transferred by the BPCA to the city. Charles J. Urstat, the first Chairman and CEO of the BPCA, noted in an
August 19 ,2007 op-ed piece in the "New York Post " that the aggregate figure of funds transferred to the City of New York is above $1.4 billion with the BPCA continuing to contribute $200 million a year.Much of this funding has historically been diverted to general city expenses, under section 3.d of the 1989 agreement. However, in July 2006, Mayor Bloomberg, Governor Pataki, and Comptroller William C. Thompson, Jr. announced the final approval for the New York City Housing Trust Fund derived from $130 million in Battery Park City revenues. The Fund aims to preserve or create 4,300 affordable units over the next three years. It also provided seed financing for the New York Acquisition Fund, a $230 million initiative that aims to serve as a catalyst for the construction and preservation of more than 30,000 units of affordable housing Citywide over the next 10 years. The Acquisition Fund has since established itself as a model for similar funds in cities and states across the country. [http://www.nyc.gov/html/hpd/downloads/pdf/New-Housing-Market-Place-Plan.pdf MAYOR BLOOMBERG’S AFFORDABLE HOUSING PLAN] ,
New York City Department of Housing Preservation and Development , August 2008. Accessed September 11, 2008.]Geography
Battery Park City is bounded on the east by West Street, which insulates the area from the Financial District of downtown Manhattan. To the west, north and south, the area is surrounded by the tidal estuary of the Hudson River.
The development consists of roughly five major sections. Traveling North to South, the first neighborhood, the "North Residential Neighborhood," consists of high-rise residential buildings, a large hotel,
Stuyvesant High School and a mall (currently occupied by a movie theater, restaurants and a discount store for leather goods and accessories). [Scheff, Jonathan. [http://www.chicagotribune.com/business/am-city0308,0,7668532.story?page=4 "City Living: Battery Park City"] , "Chicago Tribune ", March 8, 2007. Accessed September 11, 2008.] Former parkland in the area is being converted into high-rise buildings.Immediately to the South lies the
World Financial Center , a complex of several commercial buildings occupied by tenants includingAmerican Express ,Dow Jones & Company ,Merrill Lynch andDeloitte & Touche . The World Financial Center's ground floor and portions of the second floor are occupied by a mall; its center point is a steel-and-glass atrium known as the Winter Garden. Outside of the Winter Garden lies a sizeableyacht harbor on the Hudson known asNorth Cove .South of the World Financial Center lies the majority of Battery Park City's residential areas, in three sections: "Gateway Plaza", a high-rise building complex; the "Rector Place Residential Neighborhood" and the "Battery Place Residential Neighborhood", mostly low-rise building complexes. These neighborhoods contain most of the area's residential buildings, along with park space and various types of supporting businesses (
supermarket s,restaurant s,movie theatre s.) Construction of residential buildings began north of the World Financial Center in the late 1990s.Demographics
As of the 2000 census, there were 7,951 people residing in Battery Park City. The population density was 41,032 people per square mile (15,855/km²). The racial makeup of the neighborhood was 75% White, 17.93% Asian, 0.04% Pacific Islander, 2.97% African American, 0.06% Native American, 1.58% from other races, and 2.42% from two or more races. 5.32% of the population were Hispanic of any race. 27.7% of the population was foreign born, 51.8% came from Asia, 30.8% from Europe, 8.2% from Latin America and 9.2% from other(mostly Canada).
Today, about 10,000 people live in Battery Park City, most of whom are
upper middle class andupper class (54.0% of households have incomes over $100,000). When fully built out, the neighborhood is projected to have 14,000 residents. [ [http://www.nytimes.com/2007/10/21/realestate/21livi.html?_r=1&oref=slogin Next Door to a Poignant Memory - New York Times ] ]History
Throughout the 1800s and early 1900s the area adjoining today's Battery Park City was known as the Greek quarter; an even more captivating reminder of the ethnic past is the former
St. Nicholas Greek Orthodox Church which was destroyed in theSeptember 11, 2001 terrorist attacks .By the late 1950s, the once prosperous port area of downtown Manhattan was occupied by a number of dilapidated shipping piers, casualties of the rise of air transport. The initial proposal to reclaim this area through landfill was offered in the early 1960s by private firms and supported by the Mayor. This plan became complicated when GovernorNelson Rockefeller announced his desire to redevelop a part of the area as a separate project. The various groups reached a compromise, and in 1966 the governor unveiled the proposal for what would become Battery Park City. The creation of architectWallace K. Harrison , the proposal called for a 'comprehensive community' consisting of housing, social infrastructure and light industry. The landscaping of the parkspace and later the Winter Garden was designed byM. Paul Friedberg .In 1968, the
New York State Legislature created theBattery Park City Authority (BPCA) to oversee development. The New York State Urban Development Corporation and ten other public agencies were also involved in the development project.cite news |title=Megajob takes foothold in fill, New York City's $1-billion river development survives snags |publisher=Engineering News-Record |date=1983-04-14] For the next several years, the BPCA made slow progress. In 1969, it unveiled a master plan for the area, and in 1972 issued $200 million in bonds to fund construction efforts. Landfill material from construction of theWorld Trade Center was used to add land. Cellularcofferdam s were constructed to retain the material.cite news |url=http://www.newyorker.com/archive/content/articles/010924fr_archive02 |title=The Biggest Foundation |author=Iglauer, Edith |date=1972-11-04 |publisher=The New Yorker] By 1976 the landfill was completed; in many cases, the pre-existing piers were simply buried. Construction efforts ground to a halt for nearly two years beginning in 1977, as a result of city-wide financial hardships. In 1979, the title to the landfill was transferred from the city to the Battery Park City Authority, which financially restructured itself and created a new, more viable master plan, designed by Alex Cooper and [http://www.eekarchitects.com Stanton Eckstut] .
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