- Adelsheim
Infobox Ort in Deutschland
Art = Stadt
Wappen = Wappen Adelsheim.png
lat_deg = 49 |lat_min = 24 |lat_sec = 17
lon_deg = 09 |lon_min = 23 |lon_sec = 21
Lageplan =
Bundesland = Baden-Württemberg
Regierungsbezirk = Karlsruhe
Landkreis = Neckar-Odenwald-Kreis
Höhe = 226
Fläche = 43.84
Einwohner = 5368
Stand = 2006-12-31
PLZ = 74737–74740
Vorwahl = 06291
Kfz = MOS
Gemeindeschlüssel = 08 2 25 001
NUTS = DE127
Adresse = Marktstraße 7
74740 Adelsheim
Website = [http://www.adelsheim.de/ www.adelsheim.de]
Bürgermeister = Klaus GramlichAdelsheim [IPA|ˈaːdəlshaɪm] is a small town in northern
Baden-Württemberg , about 30 km north ofHeilbronn . The state-recognized resort of Adelsheim in theNeckar-Odenwald-Kreis looks back on a 1,200-year heritage.Geography
Adelsheim lies at the mouth of the river
Kirnau which comes from the west, emptying into the river Seckach coming from the north. The combined stream was used in building the town fortifications. Farther downstream, the Seckach flows byMöckmühl into theJagst , thence into theNeckar , and thence into theRhine .The Adelsheim area is part of the greater geographical region known as the "Bauland", a
mountain range stretching from theOdenwald in the northwest to the Jagst valley in the south as well as to theTauber valley in the east. Part of the municipality's area lies within the Neckartal-Odenwald Nature Park.Communities within the town
Sennfeld (Baden)
Sennfeld lies about 3 km southwest along the Seckach valley and has about 1,250 inhabitants. The place was first mentioned in a document in 1110. In 1615,
Margaretha von Carben , who wasGötz von Berlichingen 's granddaughter, endowed the Evangelical parish church. The Sennfeld "Schloss" (stately home), formerly owned by kin of the Barons of Berlichingen, was built in 1713 in a countrifiedBaroque style.Leibenstadt
Leibenstadt, a former knightly village with about 320 inhabitants lying south of Adelsheim was first mentioned in a document in 1293, and has been part of Adelsheim since 1971. Website: http://www.leibenstadt.de
Wemmershof
The hamlet of Wemmershof, lying 3 km west of Adelsheim, saw the beginning of its village history in 1423. In the
Middle Ages , the landlords relinquished the property to the farmers who lived there at the time. Today Wemmershof is now, as then, a community shaped byagriculture , and it has about 50 inhabitants.Hergenstadt
Hergenstadt lies to the southeast. It is a hamlet with about 50 people, founded in 1500.
Adelsheim Business Park
The Adelsheim Business Park (called "Business-Park Adelsheim" in German) is located 1 km to the west, outside the Adelsheim municipal centre and 8 km from Autobahn A81, right on Federal Highway B 292. The B 292 connects the towns of Adelsheim and
Schefflenz and leads toOsterburken .History
In 1374,
Charles IV, Holy Roman Emperor raised Adelsheim to town. The landlords were the Imperial Knights ("Reichsritter") of the same name.Adelsheim was already home to some
Jew s in the Middle Ages. In 1338, Kaiser Ludwig of the Bavarians had allowed the brothers Poppo and Berlinger from Adelsheim to "keep" four Jewish families in their lands. Also in 1690, there were four Jewish families resident in Adelsheim. The establishment of an actual community can be traced back to the seventeenth century. The highest number of Jewish inhabitants was reached in 1885 when the count was 70. Under an ordinance from 1690, the Jewish community yearly had to pay the Barons of Adelsheim four "gulden" for "school", that is to say, to be allowed to hold their religious services. The prayer room used at that time, according to oral tradition, was set up on the second floor of the house built by Melchior Keller in 1418 in the "Torgasse" ("Gate Lane"). This house was dismantled in 1952. Later, there was a prayer room in a likewise no longer standing building in the yard of the "Oberschloss".From the middle of the nineteenth century until 1889, a
synagogue stood at Turmgasse 27.A ritual bath and a Jewish school were housed at the old synagogue in the nineteenth century at Turmgasse 27, and as of 1889 at the new synagogue (Untere Austraße 1). When the new synagogue was being torn down in 1977, the ritual bath was rediscovered. Burials were performed in Buchen-Bödigheim and after 1884 in Sennfeld.
After the deportations during the
Third Reich , at least ten of the 35 Jews living in town in 1933 lost their lives.As a result of the
Reformation , the people became Evangelical. Until 2000, Adelsheim was the seat of a deaconate (Evangelical church region) of the Baden State Church. In the course of deaconate reform, the deaconate moved to Hirschlanden in Rosenberg.Catholics are a minority. After 1945 a rough balance between the two faiths was reached through the arrival of refugees from the east. After 1960, a further Catholic church was established, St. Mary's.
Only in 1945 did the Adelsheimers send their landlords into exile.
*The forerunner to the folk festival ("Volksfest") was the Homeland Days ("Heimattage") in 1948. The occasion for Adelsheim's second folk festival in 1949 was the celebration of the dedication of the new Kirnau Bridge, which replaced one destroyed in 1945.
* On11 November 1948 , the Adelsheim District Agricultural School ("Kreislandwirtschaftschule Adelsheim") opened its doors under Dr. Leopold Wiswesser's leadership. In the years that were to come, Adelsheim's history was shaped by its schools: the "Volksschule" moved onto the Eckenberg in 1958, and farther into the forest a few years later, the Gymnasium with itsboarding school was established.Politics
Mayors ("Bürgermeister")
* Klaus Gramlich (current)
* Walter Muth
* Peter Hütt
* Günter Bauer
* Friedrich GernerMunicipal council (after 2004 municipal election):
* CDU 8 seats
* SPD 6 seats
* FWV (citizens' coalition) 3 seats
* BLA 3 seatsCoat of arms and flag
The
coat of arms , which might be described as "Argent an alpine ibex's horn sable", was bestowed upon the town by Kaiser Sigismund in 1422. Adelsheim's town colours are black and white. The town colours are to be seen at the "Schildmännchen" – an emblem depicting a little man behind an heraldic shield – near the centre of town at the "Oberschloss-Erker" (stately home).Economy and infrastructure
Transport
Adelsheim lies on the "Frankenbahn"
railway (Adelsheim Ost or Sennfeld station) and the "Neckartalbahn" railway, and thereby also on the "S-Bahn RheinNeckar" (Adelsheim Nord station). Since December 2003 both hourly trains on S-Bahn line S1 (Kaiserslautern -Mannheim -Osterburken ) and RegionalExpress trains every two hours (Mannheim -Eberbach -Heilbronn ) run on this line. Goods trains run mainly evenings or nights. While line S2 ends in Eberbach, or every two hours inMosbach -Neckarelz, S1 goes hourly through to Osterburken, giving Adelsheim optimal integration into the "Frankenbahn" (Stuttgart -Würzburg ) timetable.The town has a connection with Autobahn A 81 (Stuttgart - Würzburg) through an interchange lying only 8 km from the centre of town. Federal Highway B 292 also runs through Adelsheim (
Sinsheim - Mosbach - Adelsheim - Osterburken -Lauda-Königshofen ).Court and institutions
Adelsheim, owing to the large nearby youth penal institution, still has at its disposal a small local court, which belongs to the state court region of
Mosbach and the higher state court region ofKarlsruhe .Educational institutions
* Evangelical and Catholic kindergartens
*Primary school andHauptschule with Werkrealschule
* Eckenberg-Gymnasium with boarding school and the State School Centre for Environmental Education
* Volkshochschule AdelsheimLeisure
* Heated
swimming pool , opening times: May-September 9-20 h
*Miniature golf
* Jugendhaus Adelsheim (youth centre), opening times: Thu-Sat 19-22:30 h (beyond the weekly opening times the centre also regularly organizes live band performances involving all kinds of musical styles, and various themed parties)
* Live-FactoryCulture and sightseeing
*Gothic (old) "Jakobskirche" (church), built 1489 with many tombs on the inner and outer walls; great plague grave.
*Ober- and Unterschloss (stately homes)
*Town hall with finehalf-timbering , 1619, completed and preserved by new building in contemporary style (about 1990).
*Evangelical town church, lateBaroque .
*reconstructed town tower.
*Town garden with waterfall lit at night.
*Former synagogue in Sennfeld, built 1836.
*Old mill
*"Bauländer Heimatmuseum Adelsheim" – open May-September Sundays 14-16 h or by telephoning to make arrangements.
*For railway enthusiasts: Ostbahnhof (station) with outlying buildings, Nordbahnhof in late Gothic style with two waiting rooms.
*"Lookout Bench" at Alt-Stadtrat Schmitt (especially for lovers).
* Grand-Ducal Local Court with adjoining prison.
* Jugendhaus Adelsheim, inaugurated about 1969, earlier housed on a nineteenth-century estate, now in a renovated railway station building.
* Youth prison (block or box design from the early 1970s with distinctive "town wall"), built in a side valley off the Seckach valley.
* Kirnau valley with remains of the Grand-Ducalirrigation works for ambitious agricultural projects.
* Transmission tower at 49° 24' 38" N, 9° 23' 29" E (freestanding steel lattice construction, bearing until 1993 an SWR MW transmission antenna in the form of a long-wire antenna)Clubs
Adelsheim: Since the war, there have been four clubs – a singing club, a sport club, a youth club, and the
fire brigade – but a few others have come into being since then, although this traditional core is much the same as it always has been.Sennfeld: In Sennfeld many clubs were founded, or refounded, after the war. The clubs with the most members are the TV 1897 Sennfeld e.V. (athletic club with fistball,gymnastics ), the SV Germania Adelsheim (sport club) and the VfB Sennfeld 1923 e.V. (football,table tennis ,badminton ). There are furthermore many smaller clubs catering to all interests. Leibenstadt: a sports club, SV Leibenstadt 1946 e.V. (http://www.sv-leibenstadt.de).Regular events
* "Fasenacht", a German
carnival held in the leadup toLent , with various events .
* Since 2005: "Adelsheim leuchtet" ("Adelsheim glows").
* The "Volksfest" (instituted after 1945) always on the first Sunday in July.
* The "Sennfelder Dorffest" (village festival held every three years in Sennfeld)
* The "Adelsheimer Weihnachtsmarkt" ("Christmas Market", held by various local clubs and coördinated by the Youth Centre)Personalities
*
Peter Hauk , Member of the "Landtag " for the Neckar-Odenwald electoral district, since 2005 Baden-Württemberg's minister for food and agriculture in the Öttinger cabinet, member of the CDU.External links
* [http://www.adelsheim.de/ Adelsheim webseite]
*
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