Boutonniere deformity

Infobox_Disease
Name = PAGENAME


Caption = Human hand bones (Joints visible but not labeled.)
DiseasesDB =
ICD10 = ICD10|M|20|0|m|20
ICD9 = ICD9|736.21
ICDO =
OMIM =
MedlinePlus =
eMedicineSubj = orthoped
eMedicineTopic = 24
MeshID =

Boutonniere deformity is a deformed position of the finger, in which the joint nearest the knuckle is permanently bent toward the palm while the furthest joint is bent back away (PIP hyperflexion with DIP hyperextension). It is commonly caused by injury or inflammatory conditions like rheumatoid arthritis.

tages

# Mild extension lag, passively correctable
# Moderate extension lag, passively correctable
# Mild flexion contracture
# Advanced flexion contracture

Higher numbers indicate a more severe problem and greater likelihood of a poor final outcome

Pathophysiology

This flexion deformity of the proximal interphalangeal joint is due to interruption of the central slip of the extensor tendon such that the lateral slips separate and the head of the proximal phalanx pops through the gap like a finger through a button hole (thus the name, from French "boutonnière" "button hole"). The distal joint is subsequently drawn into hyperextension because the two peripheral slips of the extensor tendon are stretched by the head of the proximal phalanx(note that the two peripheral slips are inserted into the distal phalanx, while the proximal slip is inserted into the middle phalanx). This deformity makes it difficult or impossible to extend the proximal interphalangeal joint.

External links

*
* http://medicine.ucsd.edu/clinicalimg/upper-hand-boutonniere.html
* http://www.merck.com/mmpe/sf/multimedia/Photo2sec04ch34/t/sec04-ch034-ch034b.html