Liu Zongyuan

Liu Zongyuan

Liu Zongyuan (zh-cpw|c=柳宗元|p=Liǔ Zōngyuán|w=Liu Tsungyüan, 773–819), courtesy name Zihou (子厚), was a Chinese writer who lived in Chang'an during the Tang Dynasty. Liu was born in present-day Yongji, Shanxi, along with Han Yu, he was a founder of the Classical Prose Movement. He was traditionally classed as one of the "Eight Great Prose Masters of the Tang and Song".

Civil service career

His civil service career was initially successful, but in 805 he fell from favour because of his association with a failed reformist movement. He was exiled first to Yongzhou, Hunan, and then to Liuzhou, Guangxi, where he eventually became the city Governor. His exile allowed his literary career to flourish: he produced poems, fables, reflective travelogues and essays sythesizing elements of Confucianism, Taoism and Buddhism.

His best-known travel pieces are the "Eight Records of Excursions in Yongzhou" (永州八游记). Around 180 of his poems are extant. Some of his works celebrate his freedom from office, while others mourn his banishment.

References

*Qian, Zonglian, [http://203.72.198.245/web/Content.asp?ID=64211&Query=1 "Liu Zongyuan"] . "Encyclopedia of China" (Chinese Literature Edition), 1st ed.
*Chen, Jo-shui, "Liu Tsung-yüan and Intellectual Chang in T'ang China, 773-819", Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1992.
*Nienhauser Jr., William H.; Hartmann, Charles; Crawford, William Bruce; Walls, Jan W.; Neighbours, Lload, "Liu Tsung-yüan", New York: Twayne Publishers Inc., 1973.

External links

* [http://afpc.asso.fr/wengu/wg/wengu.php?l=Tangshi&no=-1&auteur=Liu%20Zongyuan Liu Zongyuan in Wengu textbase] , five poems in traditional Chinese arrayed with Bynner's translation.
* [http://www.thedrunkenboat.com/zongyuan.html Biography and translations of five poems.] (Translated by Tony Barnstone and Chou Ping)


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