Volcano Rabbit

Taxobox
name = Volcano RabbitMSW3 Hoffmann | pages = 207]
status = EN
status_system = iucn2.3
status_ref = IUCN2006 | assessors = Lagomorph Specialist Group | year = 1996 | id = 19742 | title = Romerolagus diazi | downloaded = 2006-05-05 Listed as Endangered (EN A1abc+2bc, B1+2bcd+3abc, C1+2a v2.3)]
regnum = Animalia
phylum = Chordata
classis = Mammalia
ordo = Lagomorpha
familia = Leporidae
genus = "Romerolagus"
genus_authority = Merriam, 1896
species = "R. diazi"
binomial = "Romerolagus diazi"
binomial_authority = (Ferrari-Pérez, 1893)

The Volcano Rabbit also known as teporingo or zacatuche ("Romerolagus diazi") is a small rabbit that resides in the mountains of Mexico. It is the world's second smallest rabbit, second only to the Pygmy Rabbit. It has small rounded ears, short legs, and short, thick fur. The Volcano Rabbit lives in groups of 2 to 5 animals in burrows. Unlike many species of rabbits (and similar to pikas), the Volcano Rabbit utters very high-pitched sounds instead of thumping its feet on the ground to warn other rabbits of danger. It is nocturnal and is highly active during twilight, dawn and all times in between. The Volcano Rabbit weighs approximately 390–600 g (14–21 oz). As of 1969, there were 1000 to 1200 in the wild.

Habitat

The Volcano Rabbit lives in Mexico. The rabbit has been pushed into areas on the slopes of the Iztaccíhuatl, Pelado, Popocatepetl, and Tlaloc volcanoes. The Volcano Rabbit is generally found between elevations of 2800 m and 4250 m in pine forests with a dense undergrowth of bunch grass and rocky terrain called the transverse neovolcanic axis.

Diet

The Volcano Rabbit feeds on green leaves in zacaton grasses, the undeveloped leaves of spiny herbs and the bark of alder trees. During the rainy season, it will also eat oats and corn from crops.

Decline

The most serious threats to the Volcano Rabbit are habitat degradation and target shooting. A variety of factors appear to be responsible for the continued degradation of the rabbit's habitat, including forest fires, overgrazing by cattle and sheep, encroachment by development (both from the expansion of Mexico City as well as additional rural settlements near the rabbit's core habitat) and agriculture, over-exploitation of timber and cutting of zacaton grasses for thatch and brush manufacture.

Habitat management

The IUCN/SSC Lagomorph Specialist Group has created an action plan for this rabbit (Fa & Bell, 1990). The plan focuses upon the need to manage the burning and overgrazing of the zacaton habitats and to enforce laws prohibiting the capture, sale and hunting of the animal. Studies are recommended into the geographical range, habitat relationships, population dynamics and life history (Fa & Bell, 1990). In addition, habitat restoration and the establishment of zacaton corridors to link core areas of habitat are needed. Captive breeding colonies exist at Jersey Zoo, UK and Chapultepec Zoo, Mexico City (Olney & Ellis, 1993).

References

* McCollum, Austin. "Volcano Rabbit." Endangered Species of the World. April 13, 2006: 50-51.

External links

*ARKive - [http://www.arkive.org/species/GES/mammals/Romerolagus_diazi/ images and movies of the volcano rabbit "(Romerolagus diazi)"]
*Animal Diversity Web - [http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/accounts/information/Romerolagus_diazi.html "Romerolagus diazi"]