Physalin

Physalins are steroidal constituents of "Physalis" plants which possess an unusual 13,14-seco-16,24-cyclo-steroidal ring skeleton (where the bond that is normally present between the 13 and 14 positions in other steroids is broken while a new bond between positions 16 and 24 is formed; see figure below).cite journal | author = Matsuura T, Kawai M, Makashima R, Butsugan Y | title = Structures of physalin A and physalin B, 13,14-seco-16,24-cyclo-steroids from Physalis alkekengi var. Francheti | journal = J. Chem. Soc. Perkin Trans. I | volume = 5 | issue = | pages = 664–70 | year = 1970 | pmid = 5461642 | doi = | issn = ] Since the isolation and the structure determination of Physalin A and Physalin B in 1969, more than a dozen Physalins were isolated from "Physalis" species, "Physalis alkekengi", "Physalis angulata", and "Physalis lancifolia". These comounds have antimicrobial, [cite journal |author=Januário AH, Filho ER, Pietro RC, Kashima S, Sato DN, França SC |title=Antimycobacterial physalins from Physalis angulata L. (Solanaceae) |journal=Phytother Res |volume=16 |issue=5 |pages=445–8 |year=2002 |pmid=12203265 |doi=10.1002/ptr.939] [cite journal |author=Silva MT, Simas SM, Batista TG, Cardarelli P, Tomassini TC |title=Studies on antimicrobial activity, in vitro, of Physalis angulata L. (Solanaceae) fraction and physalin B bringing out the importance of assay determination |journal=Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz |volume=100 |issue=7 |pages=779–82 |year=2005 |pmid=16410969 |doi=/S0074-02762005000700018] and antiparasitic effects. [cite journal |author=Choudhary MI, Yousaf S, Ahmed S, Yasmeen K |title=Antileishmanial physalins from Physalis minima |journal=Chem. Biodivers. |volume=2 |issue=9 |pages=1164–73 |year=2005 |pmid=17193198 |doi=10.1002/cbdv.200590086]

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