Temporal styloid process

Temporal styloid process

Infobox Bone
Name = Styloid process (temporal)
Latin = processus styloideus ossis temporalis
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Caption = Left temporal bone. Outer surface. (Styloid process visible at center bottom.)


Caption2 = External and middle ear, opened from the front. Right side. (Label for styloid process is bottom center.)
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The styloid process is pointed piece of bone that extends down from the human skull, just below the ear.

tructure

The styloid process is a slender pointed piece of bone just below the ear. It projects down and forward from the inferior surface of the temporal bone, and serves as an anchor point for several muscles associated with the tongue and larynx.

* Its "proximal part" ("tympanohyal") is ensheathed by the vaginal process of the tympanic portion.
* Its "distal part" ("stylohyal") gives attachment to the following:
** stylohyoid ligament
** stylomandibular ligament
** styloglossus muscle (innervated by the hypoglossal nerve)
** stylohyoid muscle (innervated by the facial nerve)
** stylopharyngeus muscle (innervated by the glossopharyngeal nerve)

The stylohyoid ligament extends from the apex of the process to the lesser cornu of the hyoid bone, and in some instances is partially, in others completely, ossified.

A small precentage of the population will suffer from an elongation of the styloid process and stylohyoid ligament calcification. This condition is also known as Eagles Syndrome. The tissues in the throat rub on the styloid process, which is a spike-like projection sticking off the base of the skull, during the act of swallowing with resulting pain along the glossopharyngeal nerve. There is also pain upon turning the head or extending the tongue. Other symptoms may include voice alteration, cough, dizziness, migraines, occipital neuralgia , pain in teeth and jaw and sinusitis or bloodshot eyes.

Development

The styloid process arises from endochondral ossification of the cartilage from the second branchial arch.


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Look at other dictionaries:

  • Styloid process — Styloid Sty loid, a. [Style + oid: cf. F. stylo[ i]de, Gr. ?.] 1. Styliform; as, the styloid process. [1913 Webster] 2. (Anat.) Of or pertaining to the styloid process. [1913 Webster] {Styloid process} (Anat.), a long and slender process from the …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • styloid process — n any of several long slender pointed bony processes: as a) a sharp spine that projects downward and forward from the inferior surface of the temporal bone just in front of the stylomastoid foramen and that is derived from cartilage of the second …   Medical dictionary

  • Styloid process — In anatomy, a styloid process (from Greek stylos , pillar ), usually serving as points of attachment for muscles, refers to the slender, pointed process (protrusion) of : * temporal bone of the skull Styloid process (temporal) * radius bone of… …   Wikipedia

  • styloid process — noun extends from the base of the temporal bone • Hypernyms: ↑process, ↑outgrowth, ↑appendage • Part Holonyms: ↑temporal bone, ↑os temporale …   Useful english dictionary

  • styloid process — Anat. a long, spinelike process of a bone, esp. the projection from the base of the temporal bone. See diag. under skull. [1700 10] * * * …   Universalium

  • styloid process — 1) a long slender downward pointing spine projecting from the lower surface of the temporal bone of the skull. It provides attachment for muscles and ligaments of the tongue and hyoid bone. 2) any of various other spiny projections; occurring,… …   The new mediacal dictionary

  • styloid process of temporal bone — processus styloideus ossis temporalis …   Medical dictionary

  • Styloid — Sty loid, a. [Style + oid: cf. F. stylo[ i]de, Gr. ?.] 1. Styliform; as, the styloid process. [1913 Webster] 2. (Anat.) Of or pertaining to the styloid process. [1913 Webster] {Styloid process} (Anat.), a long and slender process from the lower… …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • Temporal bone — Bone: Temporal bone Cranial bones …   Wikipedia

  • Temporal bone — A large irregular bone situated at the base and side of the skull. The temporal bone consists of three parts (squamous, tympanic and petrous) which are distinct at birth but then fuse. The petrous part of the temporal bone contains the… …   Medical dictionary

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