- Adduct
:"See also
adduction , one of theanatomical terms of motion ."An adduct (from the Latin "adductus", "drawn toward") is a product of a direct addition of two or more distinct molecules, resulting in a single reaction product containing all atoms of all components, with formation of two chemical bonds and a net reduction in bond multiplicity in at least one of the reactants. The resultant is considered a distinct molecular species. Examples include the adduct betweenhydrogen peroxide andsodium carbonate to givesodium percarbonate , and the addition ofsodium bisulfite to analdehyde to give a sulfonate.Adducts often form between
Lewis acid s andLewis base s. A good example would be the formation of adducts between the Lewis acidborane and the oxygen atom in the Lewis bases,tetrahydrofuran (THF) ordiethyl ether : BH3•THF, BH3•OEt2. Compounds or mixtures that cannot form an adduct because ofsteric hindrance are calledfrustrated Lewis pair s.Adducts are not necessarily molecular in nature. A good example from
solid-state chemistry are the adducts of ethylene or carbon monoxide of CuAlCl4. The latter is a solid with an extended lattice structure. Upon formation of the adduct a new extended phase is formed in which the gas molecules are incorporated (inserted) asligand s of the copper atoms within the structure. This reaction can also be considered a reaction between a base and a Lewis acid with the copper atom in the electron-receiving and the pi-electrons of the gas molecule in the donating role. [cite journal | author = Capracotta, Michael D.; Sullivan, Roger M.; Martin, James D. | title = Sorptive Reconstruction of CuMCl4 (M = Al and Ga) upon Small-Molecule Binding and the Competitive Binding of CO and Ethylene | journal =J. Am. Chem. Soc. | year = 2006 | volume = 128 | issue = 41 | pages = 13463–13473 | doi = 10.1021/ja063172q]References
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