Liao Zhongkai

Liao Zhongkai (廖仲愷) (April 23, 1877 - August 20, 1925, Huiyang, Guangdong), Kuomintang leader and financier. Liao Zhongkai was the principal architect of the first Kuomintang-Chinese Communist Party (KMT-CCP) United Front in the 1920s.

Liao Zhongkai was born in 1877, in San Francisco and received his early education in the United States. He was one of twenty-four children. His father, Liao Zhubin, who had five wives, was sent to San Francisco by the Hong Kong and Shanghai Bank. Returning to Hong Kong in 1893, at the age of sixteen he studied at Queen's College from 1896. He married He Xiangning in 1897. He then went to Japan in January 1903 to study political science at Waseda University. In 1907 he went to Tokyo University to study political and economic science.

He joined the Chinese Revolutionary Alliance in 1905 upon its founding and became the director of the financial bureau of Guangdong after the founding of the Republic of China. In the early struggles of the party, Liao Zhongkai was arrested by Guangdong strongman, Chen Jiongming, in June 1922. After Chen's defeat Liao became Civil governor of Guangdong from May 1923 to February 1924, and then again from June to September 1924. During the first Kuomintang - Chinese Communist Party cooperation period, he was appointed to the Kuomintang Executive Committee.

When the KMT was reformed in 1924, he was named the head of the Department of Workers, and then Department of Peasants. Later he became Minister of Finance of the southern government, seated in Guangdong. When Sun Yat-sen died in Beijing in March, 1925, and Liao was one of the three most powerful figures in the Kuomintang Executive Committee, the other two were Wang Jingwei and Hu Hanmin.

Liao continued his belief in Sun's policy after he died and one of the key policies was to maintain close relations with the Soviet Union as well as the Chinese Communist Party, which was strongly opposed by the KMT right wing. Liao was assassinated before a Kuomintang Executive Committee meeting on August 30, 1925 in Guangzhou, Guangdong, and Hu Hanmin was suspected and arrested. This left only Wang Jingwei and the rising Chiang Kai-shek as rivals for control of the Kuomintang.

He and He Xiangning had a daughter, Liao Mengxing, and a son, Liao Chengzhi, and the latter had four sons, Liao Hui being the eldest.

External links
* [http://rulers.org/indexl3.html Rulers; Index Li-Ll, Liao Zhongkai] biography
* [http://www.zhku.edu.cn/party/jiyanguan/kai.htm 廖仲愷簡介] biography with photo