The Tin Woodman of Oz

infobox Book |
name = The Tin Woodman of Oz


image_caption = Title page of "The Tin Woodman of Oz".
author = L. Frank Baum
illustrator = John R. Neill
cover_artist = John R. Neill
country = United States
language = English
series = The Oz books
genre = Children's novel
publisher =
release_date = 1918
media_type = Print
pages =
isbn =
preceded_by = "The Lost Princess of Oz"
followed_by = "The Magic of Oz"

"The Tin Woodman of Oz" is the twelfth Land of Oz book written by L. Frank Baum and was originally published on May 13, 1918. The Tin Woodman is unexpectedly reunited with his Munchkin sweetheart Nimmie Amee from the days when he was flesh and blood. This was a backstory from "The Wizard of Oz".

The book was dedicated to the author's grandson Frank Alden Baum. [Frank Alden Baum was the second son of Baum's eldest son, Frank Joslyn Baum, known as Frank Jr. (Baum disliked the name Lyman, and didn't inflict it on the son named after him.)]

Plot summary

The Tin Woodman and the Scarecrow are regaling each other with tales at the former's palace in the Winkie Country when a Gillikin boy named Woot wanders and is welcomed into their presence. After he's fed and rested (which the Tin Woodman and the Scarecrow, not being flesh and blood, don't need), Woot asks the Woodman how he became all tin. He relates how the Wicked Witch of the West enchanted his axe and caused him to chop his body parts off limb by limb because he was in love with her ward, Nimmie Amee. Each chopped limb was replaced by the tinsmith Ku-Klip with a counterpart made of tin. (Since Oz is a fairyland, no one can die, even when the parts of their body are separated from each other.)

However, without a heart, the Tin Woodman felt he could no longer love Nimmie Amee and therefore he left her. He relates how Dorothy and the Scarecrow found him after he'd rusted in the forest (an event related in "The Wizard of Oz") and went with him to the Emerald City where the Wizard gave him a heart. Woot poses that the heart may have made him kind, but it didn't make him loving—he would have returned to Nimmie Amee if it had. This shames and inspires him to journey to the Munchkin Country and find her.

The Tin Woodman, the Scarecrow, and Woot journey into the Gillikin Country and encounter the inflatable Loons of Loonville, whom they escape by popping several of them. They descend into Yoop Valley, where a giantess, Mrs. Yoop, dwells who transforms the travellers into animals for her amusement, just as she already did to Polychrome, the Rainbow's Daughter. Woot's ingenuity is stealing one of Mrs. Yoop's sources of magic power, a magic apron which performs any task that its wearer wishes - this enables the four to escape. Woot, as a green monkey, narrowly avoids becoming a jaguar's meal by descending further into a den of subterranean dragons. After escaping that ordeal, Woot, the Tin Woodman as a tin owl, the Scarecrow as a straw-stuffed bear, and Polychrome as a canary turn south into the Munchkin Country and, with Polychrome's magic, reverse a spell cast on Tommy Kwikstep, a messenger boy who thoughtlessly wished himself twenty legs.

They arrive at the farm of Jinjur, who first attacks what she thinks are ravening wild beasts (an act in itself strange in Oz, where birds and beasts talk and think) and then renews her acquaintance with them and sends to the Emerald City for help. Dorothy and Ozma arrive and Ozma easily restores the Scarecrow and the Tin Woodman to their rightful forms. Polychrome takes several steps to restore to her true form. However, Ozma discovers that the Green Monkey that Woot is transformed into has to be someone's form; it cannot be rid of. Polychrome suggests as a punishment for wickedness that Mrs. Yoop the giantess be made into the Green Monkey, and Ozma thus succeeds in restoring Woot to his proper form.

The Tin Woodman, the Scarecrow, Woot, and Polychrome resume their quest and come upon the spot that the Tin Woodman stood rusted—to find another tin man. After they oil his joints, he identifies himself as Captain Fy-ter, a soldier who courted Nimmie Amee after the Woodman had left her. The Wicked Witch of the East made Fy-ter's sword do what the Woodman's axe did—cut off his limbs, which Ku-Klip replaced with tin limbs. He didn't have a heart either, but it didn't bother Fy-ter. However, he could rust, which he one day did during a rainstorm. Both tin men now seek the heart of Nimmie Amee, and they agree to let her choose between them.

The five come to the dwelling of the tinsmith Ku-Klip where the Tin Woodman talk to himself—that is, the head of the man (Nick Chopper) he once was. The Tin Woodman and the Tin Soldier also find a barrel of assorted body parts that once belonged to each of them, but some, like Captain Fy-ter's head, are conspicuously missing. Ku-Klip reveals that he used Fy-ter's head and many body parts from each of them (which never decayed) to create Chopfyt for an assistant. Chopfyt complained about missing an arm until Ku-Klip made him a tin one, and he departed for the east.

The companions leave Ku-Klip and continue east themselves to find Nimmie Amee and find themselves crossing the Invisible Country, where a massive Hip-po-gy-raf helps them across in return for the Scarecrow's straw. Reluctantly, he gives it and consents to being stuffed with available hay, which makes his movements awkward. They rest for the night at the house of Professor and Mrs. Swynne, pigs whose nine children live in the Emerald City under the care of the Wizard.

They leave the Swynnes and arrive at the foot of Mount Munch on the eastern border of the Munchkin Country. At its summit is a cottage where a rabbit tells them Nimmie Amee now lives, who seems quite happy. However, the cottage is surrounded by a wall of hardened air which they cannot penetrate. Polychrome with her magic shrinks them to fit into the rabbit's burrow and travel under the wall. Restoring them to normal size, the Tin Woodman and Tin Soldier knock and are admitted by Nimmie Amee, who is now married herself—to Chopfyt, Ku-Klip's erstwhile assistant made of their human body parts. She refuses to leave her domestic life, even to become Empress of the Winkies (which she would become as the Tin Woodman's wife). "All I ask is to be left alone and not be disturbed by visitors."

Satisfied and respectful, they leave the cottage during a rainstorm, are reduced in size and restored again, and Polychrome on a rainbow leaves the tin men and the Scarecrow to be cared for by Woot, who doesn't rust or get soggy or moldy. The four return to the Emerald City and relate their adventures; Woot is allowed free rein to roam where he pleases, Captain Fy-ter is dispatched by Ozma to guard duty in the Gillikin Country, and the Tin Woodman and Scarecrow return to his palace in the Winkie Country where this story began.

"The Tin Woodman of Oz" also provides backstory for Oz itself; it wasn't always a fairyland, and became one by being enchanted by the Fairy Queen Lurline, who left a fairy behind to rule it. In Glinda of Oz Ozma says that she herself was that fairy, though in The Marvelous Land of Oz we are told of her restoration to a throne long held by her ancestors.

In any event, this novel marks a clear maturation of Ozma's character, now said to appear significantly older than Dorothy (in Ozma of Oz they appeared the same age) and a fairy working her own innate magic.

Baum's Oz books had entered a trend of declining sales after 1910. "The Tin Woodman of Oz" reversed this trend; its first-year sales of 18,600 were enough to make it a "bestselling success." Significantly, the sales of earlier Oz titles also rebounded from previous declines, many selling 3000 copies that year, and two, "The Marvelous Land of Oz" (1904) and the previous year's "The Lost Princess of Oz" (1917), selling 4000 copies. Baum earned $6,742.52 from his Oz books that year. (In 1918 the average annual salary of a clerical worker was $940.) Even Baum's non-Oz-related early works were affected by the upsurge: "John Dough and the Cherub" (1906) sold 1,562 copies in 1918. [Katharine M. Rogers, "L. Frank Baum: Creator of Oz," New York, St. Martin's Press, 2002; pp. 230-1. ]

The reason for this reversal of fortune is harder to specify. The psychological shock of the trench-warfare carnage of World War I [Robert Wohl, "The Generation of 1914," Cambridge, MA, Harvard University Press, 1979.] may have inspired a wave of nostalgia for a simpler time, with Baum's books representing a lost "age of innocence."

Film, TV or theatrical adaptations

Currently, "The Tin Woodman of Oz" is being produced as a 3D animated feature. Unlike most studio films, this is being done by a group of over 100 professional and amateur animators around the world as an internet project, using a low-cost but powerful animation program called "Animation:Master". [http://wiki.hash.com/index.php?title=Main_Page_Two] The tale was also retold in 2007's short film "Death to the Tinman".

Footnotes

External links

*gutenberg|no=960|name=The Tin Woodman of Oz

oz books
before=The Lost Princess of Oz
after=The Magic of Oz
title=The Tin Woodman of Oz
year=1918