- Post-Marxism
Post-Marxism has two related but different uses. Post-marxism can be used to refer to the situation in
Eastern Europe and the ex-Soviet republics after the fall of theSoviet Union , or it can be used to represent the theoretical work ofphilosopher s and social theorists who have built their theories upon those ofKarl Marx and Marxists but exceeded the limits of those theories in ways that puts them outside ofMarxism . Particularly, post-Marxism argues againstderivationism andessentialism (for example, the state is not an instrument and does not ‘function’ unambiguously or relatively autonomously in the interests of a single class) [Iain Mclean & Alistair Mcmillan, "The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Politics" (Article: State), Oxford University Press, 2003]History of post-Marxism
Post-marxism began in the late 1960s with the weakening of the
soviet paradigm of communism, the rise of Maoist theory, and the advent of commercialtelevision , which broadcast events fromVietnam and the student riots of 1968. The withering away of thegrand narrative s ofrevolution ,mass culture andcommunism made it impossible for many theorists to use those concepts to ground their work.emiology and discourse
When
Roland Barthes began his sustainedcritique ofmass culture through the science of signs and specifically looking at the "Mythologies" of modern society, the possibility to ground social critique in linguistic, semiotic, or discursive practices began to be pursued by some Marxists. Baudrillard's "For a Critique of the Political Economy of the Sign " and much of his work around that built out from Barthes's work and criticized then currentMarxism for not seeing thesign value within their own discourse.Important post-Marxists
*
Alain Badiou
*Krisis Groupe
*Etienne Balibar
*Felix Guattari
*Paul Hirst
*Barry Hindess
*Natacha Millache
*Fredric Jameson
*Ernesto Laclau
*Chantal Mouffe
*Antonio Negri
*Moishe Postone
*Jacques Rancière
*Slavoj Žižek ee also
*
Marxism andMarxist philosophy
*Poststructuralism
*Rethinking Marxism
*Frankfurt School References
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