List of endemic flora of Puerto Rico

__NOTOC__This is a list of the endemic flora of Puerto Rico. This list is sorted in alphabetical order by binomial names. Common names are in parenthesis.

Amaryllidaceae

*"Zephyranthes puertoricensis" (Puerto Rico zephyrlily) [ This species has been classified as "Atamosco tubispatha", "Zephyranthes insularum" and "Zephyranthes tubispatha" but was subsequently [http://www.itis.usda.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=505797 renamed] . ]

Apocynaceae

*"Forsteronia portoricensis"
*"Tabernaemontana oppositifolia"

Aquifoliaceae

*"Ilex cookii" (Cook's Holly)
*"Ilex sintenisii" (Sintenis' Holly)
*"Ilex urbaniana"

Araliaceae

*"Dendropanax laurifolius"
*"Schefflera gleasonii"

Arecaceae

*"Calyptronoma rivalis"
*"Coccothrinax alta"
*"Gaussia attenuata"
*"Roystonea borinquena" (Puerto Rican Royal Palm)

Asclepiadaceae

*"Marsdenia elliptica"
*"Matelea sintenisii"
*"Matelea variifolia"

Asteraceae

*"Chromolaena borinquensis"
*"Critonia portoricense"
*"Koanophyllon dolicholepis"
*"Koanophyllon polyodon"
*"Mikania odoratissima"
*"Mikania porosa"
*"Vernonia proctorii" [Known only from the summit of Cerro Mariquita in the Sierra Bermeja. [http://www.fws.gov/endangered/i/q/saqa9.html] .]

Begoniaceae

*"Begonia decandra"

Bignoniaceae

*"Crescentia portoricensis" (Higuero de sierra)
*"Tabebuia haemantha"

Boraginaceae

*"Cordia bellonis"
*"Cordia wagneriorum" (Luquillo Mountain manjack)

Bromeliaceae

*"Hohenbergia antillana"

Buxaceae

*"Buxus portoricensis"

Cactaceae

*"Harrisia portoricensis" (Puerto Rico applecactus)
*"Leptocereus quadricostatus" (Pitahaya)
*"Opuntia repens"

Campanulaceae

*"Lobelia assurgens" var. "portoricensis"

Canellaceae

*"Pleodendron macranthum" (Chupacaballos)

Celastraceae

*"Maytenus cymosa"
*"Maytenus ponceana"

Clusiaceae

*"Clusia gundlachii"

Cyatheaceae

*"Alsophila amintae"
*"Alsophila bryophila"
*"Cyathea portoricensis"

Cyperaceae

*"Eleocharis sintenisii"

Ebenaceae

*"Diospyros sintenisii"

Ericaceae

*"Lyonia truncata" var. "proctorii" [Known only from the summit of Cerro Mariquita in the Sierra Bermeja. [http://www.fws.gov/endangered/i/q/saqa5.html] .]

Euphorbiaceae

*"Acalypha bisetosa"
*"Acalypha portoricensis"
*"Hyeronima clusioides" [Francis, John K. and Lowe, Carol A. 2000. [http://www.fs.fed.us/global/iitf/native.htm Bioecología de Arboles Nativos y Exóticos de Puerto Rico y los Indias Occidentales] . USDA Forest Service International Institute of Tropical Forestry General Technical Report IITF-15]

Fabaceae-Papilionaceae

*"Calliandra locoensis" [ [http://www.fws.gov/southeast/es/pdf/CL.PDF "Calliandra locoensis"] ]
*"Neorudolphia volubilis"
*"Poitea florida"

Flacourtiaceae

*"Banara portoricensis"

Gesneriaceae

*"Gesneria citrina"
*"Gesneria cuneifolia"
*"Gesneria pedunculosa"

Icacinaceae

*"Ottoschulzia rhodoxylon" ("Palo de Rosa")

Lauraceae

*"Licaria brittoniana"

Loranthaceae

*"Dendropemon bicolor"

Magnoliaceae

*"Magnolia portoricensis"
*"Magnolia splendens"

Malpighiaceae

*"Heteropteris wydleriana"
*"Stigmaphyllon floribundum"

Malvaceae

*"Thespesia grandiflora" (Flor de maga) [Puerto Rico's national flower.]

Melastomataceae

*"Henriettea membranifolia" [The records for this species are questionable. [http://www.iucnredlist.org/search/details.php/34042/all] ]
*"Heterotrichum cymosum"
*(?)"Sagraea portoricensis" (Puerto Rico hogwood) [ This species was formerly classified as "Clidemia portoricensis" and "Clidemia pusilliflora".]

Meliaceae

*"Trichilia triacantha" (Bariaco) [A federally listed endangered species. [http://www.fws.gov/endangered/i/q/saq4q.html] ]

Moraceae

*"Ficus stahlii"

Myrtaceae

*"Calyptranthes acevedoi"
*"Calyptranthes estremerae"
*"Calyptranthes luquillensis" (Luquillo Forest Lidflower)
*"Eugenia eggersii"
*"Eugenia haematocarpa"
*"Eugenia padronii"
*"Eugenia stewardsonii"
*"Marlierea sintenisii"
*"Myrcia margarettae"
*"Myrcia paganii"
*"Psidium amplexicaule"
*"Psidium sintenisii" ("Hoja Menuda")

Nyctaginaceae

*"Neea buxifolia"

Olacaceae

*"Schoepfia arenaria"

Orchidaceae

*"Brachionidium ciliolatum"cite journal | quotes = no | last = Ackerman | first = James D. | authorlink = James Ackerman | date = 30 June 1995 | title = An orchid flors of Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands | journal = Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden | volume = 73 ]
*"Cranichis ricartii" [Ackerman, J. D. 1997. The orchid flora of the Caribbean: new records and combinations. Lindleyana 12: 149-152]
*"Leochilus puertoricensis"
*"Lepanthes caritensis"
*"Lepanthes eltoroensis" (Luquillo Mountain babyboot orchid) [A federally listed endangered species.]
*"Lepanthes woodburyana"
*"Lepanthes caritensis"
*"Psychilis kraenzlinii"
*"Psychilis krugii" [Formerly "Encylcis krugii" and "Epidendrum krugii". [http://plants.usda.gov/java/profile?symbol=PSKR2] ]
*"Psychilis monensis" [Lioger & Martorell, 2000, Flora of Puerfto Rico and adjacent islands: a systematic synopsis, 2nd ed., Edit. Univ. Puerto Rico, San Juan, Puerto Rico]
*"Lepanthes stimsonii" [Luer, C. A. 2002. Selbyana 23: 22. Formerly known as Lepanthes veleziana var. retusicolumna]

Passifloraceae

*"Passiflora tulae"

Pentaphylacaceae

*"Ternstroemia luquillensis" (Palo Colorado)
*"Ternstroemia subsessilis"

Phyllanthaceae

*"Hyeronima clusioides" (Cedro Macho)

Phytolaccaceae

*"Trichostigma" sp. (undescribed)

Piperaceae

*"Peperomia maxonii"

Poaceae

*"Aristida chaseae" [Known only from two sites in southwestern Puerto Rico. [http://www.fws.gov/endangered/i/q/saqa1.html] ]
*"Aristida portoricensis" ("Pelos del diablo") [Known from only two locations in southwestern Puerto Rico. [http://www.fws.gov/Endangered/i/q/saq6b.html] ]

Polygalaceae

*"Coccoloba rugosa"
*"Polygala cowellii"

Polygonaceae

*"Coccoloba pyrifolia"
*"Coccoloba swartzii f. urbaniana"

Polypodiaceae

*"Asplenium corderoanum"
*"Tectaria estremerana"
*"Thelypteris abdita"
*"Thelypteris hildae"
*"Thelypteris inabonensis"
*"Thelypteris rheophyta"
*"Thelypteris verecunda"
*"Thelypteris yaucoensis"

Rhamnaceae

*"Reynosia krugii"
*"Rhamnus sphaerosperma"

Rubiaceae

*"Antirhea obtusifolia"
*"Antirhea portoricensis"
*"Antirhea sintenisii"
*"Mitracarpus maxwelliae" [Known only from a single site at the Guánica Commonwealth Forest. [http://www.fws.gov/endangered/i/q/saqcs.html] ]
*"Mitracarpus portoricensis"
*"Randia portoricensis" [Román Guzmán, Javier A. 2006. [http://grad.uprm.edu/tesis/romanguzman.pdf A study of "Randia portoricensis"] (Urb.) Britton & Standley [Rubiaceae] : A rare species. MS Thesis, University of Puerto Rico, Mayagüez]
*"Rondeletia inermis"

Salicaceae

*"Xylosma pachyphyllum" (Spiny Logwood)

Sapindaceae

*"Thouinia striata"

Sapotaceae

*"Chrysophyllum pauciflorum"
*"Manilkara pleeana"
*"Micropholis garciniifolia"
*"Sideroxylon portoricense"

Schizaeaceae

*"Anemia portoricensis"

(?) Schoepfiaceae - (?)Olacaceae

*"Schoepfia arenaria"

Selaginellaceae

*"Selaginella krugii"
*"Selaginella laxifolia"

Simaroubaceae

*"Simarouba tulae"

Solanaceae

*(?)"Goetzea elegans"
*"Solanum drymophilum" (Erubia)

Styracaceae

*"Styrax portoricensis" ("Palo de Jazmin")

Thymelaeaceae

*"Daphnopsis helleriana"

Urticaceae

*"Pilea leptophylla"

Verbenaceae

*"Cornutia obovata"

Zamiaceae

*"Zamia ambiphyllidia""There has much disagreement with respect to the number of "Zamia" species recognized in Puerto Rico and the West Indies. In a detailed study of leaf morphology, based on herbarium species, Eckenwalder (1980) found a continuous gradation in foliar characteristics throughout the West Indies, concluding that "Zamia" was represented in the West Indies by two subspecies of "Z. pumila". Accordingly, all native populations in Puerto Rico are "Z. pumila" ssp. "pumila". A contrasting view is presented by Stephenson (1987) where four species are recognized in Puerto Rico based on foliar and strobili characters desrived from herbarium specimens and live plants. For the most part..., the present authors follow Stephenson's opinion, realising that further work is needed (DNA sequencing) in order to confirm or reject his assessment." Acevedo-Rodriguez, P. and M.T. Strong. 2005. Zamiaceae. "In" Acevedo-Rodriguez, P. and M.T. Strong (eds.) Monocotyledons and Gymnosperms of Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands. "Contributions from the United States National Herbarium" volume 52.]
*"Zamia portoricensis"

ee also

*Fauna of Puerto Rico
*List of endemic fauna of Puerto Rico
*Grasses of Puerto Rico
*San Juan Botanical Garden

References and footnotes

*cite journal |quotes= |author=Pedro Acevedo Rodríguez and Franklin S. Axelrod |year=1999 |month= |title=Annotated Checklist for the Tracheophytes of Río Abajo Forest Reserve, Puerto Rico |journal=Caribbean Journal of Science |volume=35 |issue=3-4 |pages=262–285 |id= |url= |accessdate= 2006-09-16
* [http://www.fws.gov/endangered/i/s/sas0f-.html Three endemic Puerto Rican ferns]

External links

* [http://www.gobierno.pr/DRNA Departamento de Recursos Naturales] es iconUnited States topic
title = Flora of the United States by political division
prefix = Flora of