- Portable desk
The portable
desk has not one but many forms. In a sense, the portable desk is a long-lost ancestor of theportable computer , and the modernlaptop could be considered an atavistic grandchild of the 19th-centuryLap desk .Medieval and renaissance portables
It seems that all desks were portable to some extent, from medieval times to the end of the Renaissance, with the exception of built-in tables and inclined ranks of desks found in places such as the scriptorium or library of a
monastery . This was due to the itinerant nature of medieval kingship and the similar conditions that prevailed in lesser administrations under dukes or counts. There was rarely a single capital for a kingdom, and the monarch and his (or her) court would travel periodically between several seats of power during the year, taking precious goods and quite a lot of furniture with them. A good example of this isHenry VIII's writing desk . The traditional French words for furniture - "le mobilier" and "les meubles" - reflect this. They describe those goods that are "mobile", in contrast to those that are not: "les immeubles", that is, buildings.The desks we see in medieval woodcuts and other illustrations of the period were massive affairs, but they seemed to be capable of haulage by several men or of being made of pieces that could be knocked down for transport. The
Trestle desk was a common form for the period. It was usually fitted with a slanted top.In the homes of lesser nobles and certain members of the
merchant classes the portable furniture never traveled very far. Most domestic life took place in a single large hall. Furniture was constantly shifted around, stored and often disassembled to suit the role the great room was playing at a particular time in the day or the month.Varguenos and bible boxes and other chests
There are two survivors of these medieval and renaissance forms: The rather large
Bargueno desk or Vargueno, a chest desk from 16th-century Spain, and the relatively smallBible box , which probably had a later origin. These two forms are usually not employed as portable desks any more, but they are bought and sold as antiques or as reproductions and usually valued as much for their monetary worth or their esthetic appeal as for their practical use.The
lap desk appeared sometime in the 17th century and became a stylish accessory for traveling gentlemen. Like the Bible box, the lap desk was usually small enough to be carried on a horse or by a gentleman's butler or valet. From the 18th century onwards, however, it grew in size and became too heavy to be used comfortably on a lap. Several regional variations, such as the FrenchEscritoire were developed.At the other end of the scale, the 17th century saw the appearance of several other kinds of "chest" desks, such as those destined for use in ships or for getting paperwork done during a military campaign. These were usually known as the
Campaign desk and theField desk .Ubiquity kills off the portables
Most portable desks gradually disappeared during the 19th century, as useful day-to-day writing tools. The introduction of mass literacy during that period, the invention of cheaper and more efficient writing implements, and the mass production of furniture made most portable desks redundant.
With the advent of clean writing surfaces in every home or place of business and of the small and clean pocket
fountain pen and thepencil , a gentleman did not need to include a lap desk in his luggage. There was no need for a container for thequill , the blotter, and the sand tray or for the writing surface this container could offer. Ships eventually were constructed with built-in desks, making the portable desk obsolete in maritime environments.urvival of a few portables
The only modern survivors of all the antique forms of the portable desk are the bed variants of the lap desk and a series of standardized forms (following
NATO specifications or others) of the field desk.See also the
list of desk forms and types .
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