Society of Automotive Engineers

Society of Automotive Engineers

SAE International (SAE) is a professional organization for mobility engineering professionals in the aerospace, automotive, and commercial vehicle industries. The Society is a standards development organization for the engineering of powered vehicles of all kinds, including cars, trucks, boats, aircraft, and others. Membership is open to the public for those particularly interested in Human Factors and Ergonomic Standards. [ [http://www.sae.org/membership/ Becoming a Member] ]

History

In the early 20th century there were dozens of automobile manufacturers in the United States. Many of these manufacturers joined trade groups that allowed them to promote the industry and raise public awareness related to the automobile. A need for patent protection and the development of engineering standards emerged during this time.

Two magazine men of the era: Peter Heldt of "The Horseless Age", and Horace Swetland of "The Automobile" advocated the creation of SAE. Heldt wrote an editorial in June of 1902 in which he said, "Now there is a noticeable tendency for automobile manufacturers to follow certain accepted lines of construction, technical questions constantly arise which seek solution from the cooperation of the technical men connected with the industry. These questions could best be dealt with by a technical society. The field of activity for this society would be the purely technical side of automobiles." Likewise, Swetland used his editorial power to drum up support for the creation of an organization like SAE. Swetland went on to become one of the founding officers in the organization.

Starting out as the "Society of Automobile Engineers" in 1905, SAE's original purpose was to promote the use of standards in the nascent automobile industry (initially in the United States) and to promote the better interchange of ideas and expertise, in a similar manner to many other technical societies.

Although beginnings were modest with only 30 inaugural members (Andrew L. Riker was the inaugural president, and Henry Ford the inaugural vice-president), SAE's numbers grew steadily. Membership reached approximately 1800 by 1916, at which point the society expanded its mission to cover all forms of self-powered transport, including aircraft, boats, agricultural machinery, and others. The new word "automotive" (from Greek for "autos", meaning "self" and "motivus", meaning "of motion") was coined by the Society to describe all self-powered vehicles, and the name was changed. Other notable supporters of the new organization included Thomas Edison, Glenn Curtiss, Glenn Martin, and Orville Wright.

Charles Kettering presided over SAE during World War I and saw membership pass the 5,000 mark. During this time, SAE emphasized the importance of developing member activity through local chapters - called Sections.

After World War II, the Society established links with other standards bodies and automotive engineering societies worldwide, and since then has founded sections in a number of countries formerly lacking such organizations, including: Brasil, India, China, Russia, Romania, and Egypt.

By 1980 membership had grown to 35,000+. And today more than a quarter of the Society's membership today is from outside of North America. [ [http://www.sae.org/about/general/history/ SAE General History] ]

tandards

SAE has established a number of standards used in the automotive industry and elsewhere. The standards most familiar to the average American consumer probably include:

*measuring automobile power in units of horsepower ("SAE Net Horsepower"), which has been generally followed in the USA since the early 1970s
*motor oil classification standards
*tool measurement sizes
*Modern vehicles are equipped with a diagnostic system known as On-Board Diagnostics II (OBD II). If a malfunction occurs, a Check Engine Light will alert the driver whom must scan the system for stored fault codes. These fault codes are known as SAE Diagnostic Trouble Codes (DTCs).

Furthermore, SAE encourages the design of vehicles in accordance with established Human Factors principles. SAE is one the most influential organizations with respect to Ergonomics work in Automotive Design. Human Factors and Ergonomic standards (Number: Title) published by SAE include the following:

*J2094 200101: Vehicle and Control Modifications for Drivers with Physical Disabilities
*J1139 199907: Direction-of-Motion Stereotypes for Automotive Hand Controls
*J1903 199707: Automotive Adaptive Driver Controls, Manual
*J941 200801: Motor Vehicle Drivers' Eye Locations
*J287 200702: Driver Hand Control Reach
*J1138 199902: Design Criteria Driver Hand Controls Location for Passenger Cars
*J899 200705: Operator's Seat Dimensions
*J1163 200612: Determining Seat Index Point
*J209 200305: Instrument Face Design and Location
*J1814 200303: Operator Controls
*J1050 200301: Describing and Measuring the Driver's Field of View
*J2119 199710: Manual Controls for Mature Drivers
*J2331 200212: Operators Field of View--Engineering Evaluation
*J153 198705: Operator Precautions
*J2217 199110: Photometric Guidelines for Instrument Panel Displays That Accommodate Older Drivers AND THEN?

Conferences

SAE hold an annual conference and tradeshow, called Convergence. [http://www.sae.org/events/convergence/]

Other Contributions

SAE holds 12 Collegiate Design Competitions - events challenge students to design and build functional vehicles in a competitive setting. These Design competitions host more than 4,500 students from 500 universities on every continent. SAE Colligate Design Contests include the following: Formula SAE, Formula Hyrbid, SAE Mini Baja, and SAE Clean Snowmobile Challenge.

SAE strives to encourage and support the development of youth skills related to math and science in the communities which it serves. "The SAE Foundation" raises funds to support math/science programs primarily for grades 4 through 8. Furthermore, SAE has developed curriculum to supplement learning in public schools.

Controversy Over Access to SAE Database

The SAE's extensive use of DRM to restrict access to online versions of their web-based database of technical papers has provoked controversy, leading MIT to cancel its online subscription in 2007. [ [http://news-libraries.mit.edu/blog/archives/388 MIT Libraries news release] ] After much internal debate and conversation with customers and stakeholders, SAE changed its DRM policy. [ [http://www.sae.org/servlets/pressRoom?OBJECT_TYPE=PressReleases&PAGE=showRelease&RELEASE_ID=647 SAE press release] ]

Publications

SAE currently produces the following publications:

*Automotive Engineering International
*Aerospace Engineering and Manufacturing
*Off Highway Engineering
*SAE Transactions

Notable Members

*Horace Swetland
*Andrew L. Riker
*Henry Ford
*Thomas Edison
*Glenn Martin
*Orville Wright
*Charles Kettering
*Harry Cheesbrough

ee also

*ARP4754
*ARP4761
*Automobile
*Electronic control unit
*IEEE
*SAE J1269
*SAE J2452
*ISO 3411

References

External links

* [http://www.sae.org SAE Home Page]

DTC

* [http://autorepair.about.com/cs/generalinfo/l/bldef_154a.htm SAE five character Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC)] .
* [http://www.actron.com/code_lookup.php OBD II Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) Definitions] .
* [http://www.dtcsearch.com DTCsearch.com]


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