Folke K. Skoog

Folke K. Skoog (July 15, 1908 – February 15, 2001) was a Swedish plant physiologist who was a pioneer in the field of plant growth regulators, particularly cytokinins. Skoog was a recipient of the National Medal of Science.

Born in Halland, Sweden, Skoog emigrated to the United States during a trip to California in 1925, and was naturalized as a citizen almost a decade later. He competed, and finished fourth, in the 1500 meter race during the 1936 Summer Olympics. In 1936, he received his PhD in biology from Caltech for his work done with auxin, a plant hormone.

Skoog's professional career advanced significantly with his arrival at the University of Wisconsin-Madison in 1947. Carlos Miller discovered kinetin in 1954 [http://www.biochem.wisc.edu/faculty/amasino/pdfs/1_Kinetin_Arrives.pdf] , and benzyladenine and related compounds were later synthesized in Skoog's lab.

In 1962, Skoog and Toshio Murashige published what is probably the best-known paper in plant tissue culture; in a fruitless attempt to discover a yet-unknown plant growth regulator in tobacco juice for his doctoral thesis, Murashige and Skoog instead developed a greatly improved salt base for the sterile culture of tobacco. Now referred to as Murashige and Skoog medium, the final paper (Murashige, T. and Skoog, F. (1962) A revised medium for rapid growth and bioassays with tobacco tissue cultures. Physiol Plant 18: 100-127) is considered one of the most often-cited papers in biology. Now almost 45 years after its publication, M&S salt base remains an essential component in plant tissue culture.

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