Sonatina (Bartók)

Béla Bartók's Sonatina on Themes from Transylvania is a piece for solo piano written in 1915. It is based on folk tunes Bartók collected in his native Hungary, and consists of three movements:
* "Les joueurs de cornemuse" (Bagpipers)
* "Danse de l'ours" (Bear Dance)
* "Finale"

Though Bartók arranged it in three movements, the piece actually consists of five different folk tunes: he used two in the first movement, in an A-B-A form, and two in the last movement, which he then combines snatches of in the coda. In a radio broadcast of the Sonatina in 1944, Bartók described the piece::"This sonatina was originally conceived as a group of Rumanian folk dances for piano. The three parts which Mrs. Bartók will play were selected from a group and given the title of Sonatina. The first movement, which is called "Bagpipers", is a dance – these are two dances played by two bagpipe players, the first by one and the second by another. The second movement is called "Bear Dance" – this was played for me by a peasant violinist on the G and D string, on the lower strings in order to have it more similar to a bear’s voice. Generally the violin players use the E string. And the last movement contains also two folk melodies played by peasant violin players."

When Bartók later arranged the piece for orchestra, he retitled it "Transylvanian Dances".