Rhythm King

Beginings

Rhythm King Records Ltd was an independent record label founded in the mid 1980's by Martin Heath, DJ Jay Strongman, and James Horrocks. Starting out as an offshoot of Daniel Miller 's critically acclaimed Mute Records Rhythm King's initial focus was dance music - specifically house music, acid house, acid jazz, sampling culture and hip hop/rap. Strongman's rap/funk off-shoot, Flame Records, signed proto-gangsta rapper Schoolly D and Chuck Brown & The Soul Searchers amongst others. James Horrocks left the label at the end of 1987 and subsequently went on to form React Music Limited in 1990 which also had a focus upon dance music. This left Martin Heath in sole charge of the label; however by the beginning of 1988 Rhythm King was to enjoy a period of short term success which went hand in hand with the dominance dance music had in the UK singles chart from the late 1980s to the beginning of the 2000s.

January 1988 - UK Singles Chart breakthrough's

The breakthrough was the single Rok Da House by The Beatmasters featuring The Cookie Crew. Initially reaching #78 when first released in July 1987 the single was re-released in January 1988 and reached #5 UK singles chart in February 1988 and is acknowledged as the first record to merge hip-hop and house into a style known as hip house. This was followed up by Beat Dis by Bomb The Bass. The identity of Bomb The Bass was shrouded in mystery until it was revealed that it had been produced by a DJ at London's Wag Club Tim Simenon. Simenon used his DJ experience, record collection and techniques gained from a music production course to create a cut and paste style which successfully merged sounds and samples from various genres within dance music - in particular old school hip hop, house, electro and funk with samples from film and TV - most notably The Good, the Bad and the Ugly and Thunderbirds. The record reputedly cost £500 to make and had a big impact on the UK singles chart debuting at #5 in the UK singles chart in February 1988 - what was then the highest debut position for an unknown artist. It eventually reached #2 for two weeks and was kept of the top spot by Kylie Minogue's debut single I Should Be So Lucky.

Theme From S-Express hits #1

Rhythm King didn't have too long for its first UK Singles Chart #1. S-Express was the brainchild of London DJ Mark Moore who - along with many of the well known faces involved in London's club scene at the time, put together the single Theme from S'Express. This mixed many of the contemporary dance music sounds of the time with a sample from Rose Royce's 1970's disco anthem Is It Love You're After to great success. The single shot to #1 in April/May 1988 and 1988 to 1991 would be a golden period for Rhythm King with its artists - in particular Baby Ford, The Beatmasters, Betty Boo, Bomb The Bass, Merlin and S-Express doing fairly well in the UK album and singles charts.

Outer Rhythm and Renegade Software

With rave culture going mainstream from the late 1980s Rhythm King also became interested in this and formed Outer Rhythm in 1989. The emphasis at Outer Rhythm was electronic dance music/techno and was influential in developing the initial music careers of Leftfield and to a lesser degree Moby. Briefly Outer Rhythm was also associated with Sheffield's Warp Records - and the Yorkshire Bleeps and Bass scene which launched Warp, along with Belgium based R&S Records before the labels and their artists - including Aphex Twin, CJ Bolland, Dave Angel, Jam & Spoon, LFO and Nightmares on Wax went on to do big things in their own right. Martin Heath also diversified into computer games software in association with the Bitmap Brothers. Renegade Software was very successful and some of Rhythm King's artists - including The Beatmasters, Betty Boo, Bomb The Bass and Nation 12 contributed music to some of Renegade's titles.

Deal with Sony Records

The commercial success of Rhythm King enabled it to link a distribution deal with Sony Records subsidiary Epic Records. Rhythm King was no longer associated with Mute Records from 1991 and towards the end of 1992 it closed down the Outer Rhythm offshoot. Coincidentally Mute set up Novamute Records around this time - also with a focus on techno and electronic dance music.

Direction of Rhythm King in the 1990's

As the '90's progressed many of the established artists on Rhythm King's roster - including Baby Ford, The Beatmasters, Betty Boo, Bomb The Bass, Leftfield, Moby and S-Express either left the label and/or concentrated on producing for other artists - most notably Tim Simenon and The Beatmasters. Dance music was dominating the UK singles charts during this period and in addition to labels like FFRR, Big Life, , 10 Records, Circa, Champion and Cooltempo which like Rhythm King specialised in dance music and likewise emerged in the mid/late '80's the '90's would witness the rise and success of 'dance' focused labels like Deconstruction, XL Recordings, Positiva, VC Recordings, Network, Perfecto, Junior Boy's Own, React/Resist, Bedrock, Soma, Talkin' Loud, Mo' Wax, Skint, Wall of Sound, Ninja Tune, Suburban Base, Reinforced, Metalheadz, Moving Shadow and many others. Some of these were subsidiaries of the majors pitched towards the 'poppier' end of dance scene while others were independents focusing upon and developing niche/underground forms of dance and electronic music. Possibly as a consequence of this along with the rise of the Britpop scene the musical focus at Rhythm King in the mid '90's shifted away from dance music and more towards indie and alternative rock. Acts signed during this period had varying levels of critical and commercial success and included David Devant and his Spirit Wife, The Dharmas, Echobelly, Sheep on Drugs, The Sultans Of Ping FC and X-CNN.

Enter Arista exit Rhythm King

Rhythm King's distribution deal with Sony Records expired around 1995/96 so a new deal with BMG's Arista Records was signed in 1996. Rhythm King was subsequently closed down and merged into the main Arista concern when Martin Heath became head of the label but this was not to be the end of Martin Heath's involvement with an independent record label. Lizard King Records was formed by Heath and Dominic Hardisty in the early 2000s and it's most notable artist was US act The Killers who were licensed to Lizard King by Island Records. They had a #1 UK album with Hot Fuss along with several UK top 40 singles during 2004/05. Around 2005/06 Heath and Hardisty decided to go their separate ways and Hardisty formed a new label Marrakesh Records. The Killers are no longer associated with either Heath or Hardisty and their UK and Éire releases are now handled by Vertigo Records.

Rhythm King - Artists

Rhythm King had a varied roster of artists. Some of these had only a short-term relationship with the label and others had more of a longer term relationship releasing a number of singles and albums to varying degrees of commercial and critical success. The artist roster for the label therefore included the following:

* Ability 2 - Released on the Outer Rhythm offshoot.
* Aphex Twin - The releases Digeridoo and Selected Ambient Works 85-92 were released by Belgium based R&S Records who had a distribution deal with Outer Rhythm for UK releases from 1990-92.
* Baby Ford - The third Baby Ford album BFORD9 was released on Rhythm King's offshoot label Transglobal. Since leaving Rhythm King in the mid '90's Peter Ford has had a nomadic relationship with a variety of other labels including; Black Market International, Force Inc, Ideal, Klang, Perlon, Plus 8 & Sender.
* Bailey & Bridges
* Bam Bam Musique - Released on the Splish offshoot label.
* Beatmasters
* Joey Beltram - UK releases from 1990-92 were distributed by Outer Rhythm on behalf of Belgium based R&S Records. Recorded under the alises Beltram and Second Phase.
* Betty Boo - Signed with WEA in 1992.
* Bomb The Bass - Formed the label Stoned Heights in association with Island Records offshoot 4th & Broadway in 1994.
* CCP - Released on Transglobal. Signed with MCA Records in 1989.
* Chuck Brown & The Soul Searchers - Some releases on the Flame offshoot.
* CJ Bolland - UK releases from 1990-92 were distributed by Outer Rhythm on behalf of Belgium based R&S Records.
* Congress - Released on the offshoot Inner Rhythm label.
* Cookie Crew - Released the single Females before signing with FFRR/London Records in 1988.
* D'Angel/Dave Angel - UK releases from 1990-92 were distributed by Outer Rhythm on behalf of Belgium based R&S Records.
* David Devant and his Spirit Wife
* The Dharmas - Now named Steadman after frontman Simon Steadman. The band allow fans to download their music for free downloads on their website under a Creative Commons licence.
* Djum Djum - A side project from Neil Barnes prior to the formation of Leftfield (see below) in 1990. Released on Outer Rhythm.
* Dr Fresh
* Echobelly - Released on the offshoot Favue label.
* Fat Planet
* Thomas Fehlmann - aka Readymade, released on Transglobal.
* Fluffy Toy I.Q. - Released on Splish.
* Forgemasters - On Warp Records distributed by Outer Rhythm 1989-91.
* Hard Corps
* Heaven WXI
* Hotline
* How II House - Released on Outer Rhythm.
* Human Resource - UK releases from 1990-92 were distributed by Outer Rhythm on behalf of Belgium based R&S Records.
* Ital Rockers - Released on Outer Rhythm.
* Jam & Spoon - UK releases from 1990-92 were distributed by Outer Rhythm on behalf of Belgium based R&S Records.
* Jaydee - UK releases from 1990-92 were distributed by Outer Rhythm on behalf of Belgium based R&S Records.
* Joi - Released on Transglobal.
* KDFM - Released on Transglobal.
* King Sun D-Moet - Some releases on the Flame offshoot.
* Leftfield - The singles Not Forgotten and More Than I Know along with a compilation album Backlog were released on Outer Rhythm before Leftfield formed their own label Hard Hands in 1992. Since 1993 this was in association with Sony Music.
* Les Négresses Vertes
* LFO - On Warp Records distributed by Outer Rhythm 1989-91.
* Man Machine - Early '90's techno/electro project on Outer Rhythm from Ed Stratton. Stratton was also a member of Jack 'N' Chill best remembered for their 'one-off' top-ten hit, "The Jack That House Built" which reached #6 in the UK singles chart in January 1988.
* Gwen McRae - Some releases on the Flame offshoot.
* Merlin - Signed with WEA in 1991/92.
* Moby - Moby's 1991 single Go was licensed by Outer Rhythm from New York based Instinct Records. In 1992 Moby signed to Mute Records in the UK.
* Denise Motto
* Nation 12 - A collaboration between John Foxx and Tim Simenon of Bomb The Bass
* Nightmares on Wax - On Warp Records distributed by Outer Rhythm 1989-91.
* Nitzer Ebb - The single Murderous was released on Transglobal in 1986. The band signed a long term deal with Mute Records in the late 1980s.
* One Tribe - Released on the Inner Rhythm offshoot.
* Paradise
* Q-Pid Featuring Nikki Q
* Renegade Soundwave - Signed to Mute Records in 1988.
* Kurt Rogers
* Robert & Tom Sanders - Released on the Flame offshoot.
* Schoolly D - Licencing agreement with Jive Records for UK releases from 1986-88. Some releases on the Flame offshoot.
* S-Express - aka S'Xpress.
* Shawnie 'G'
* She Rockers - Signed with Jive Records in late 1988.
* Sheep on Drugs - Released on Transglobal.
* Sludge Nation
* Jay Strongman "East West" single that sampled Red Army Choir.
* Sugar Ray Dinkie
* Sulphur (3) - Released on Transglobal.
* The Sultans Of Ping FC
* Survival Instinct - Released on Outer Rhythm.
* Sweet Exorcist - On Warp Records Distributed by Outer Rhythm 1989-91.
* Taffy - Released on Transglobal.
* Tanya
* Toney Rome
* Three Wise Men - aka Three Wize Men.
* Tiziana - Released on Splish.
* Tricky Disco - On Warp Records Distributed by Outer Rhythm 1989-91.
* Ugly - Which featured Glenn Gregory of Heaven 17.
* Underground Resistance - Relased on Splish.
* Leslie Winer © - With Karl Bonnie, Jah Wobble, Kevin Mooney, Helen Terry, John Reynolds, Matthew Ashman and Marco Pirroni.
* Vice - aka Survival Instinct, released on Outer Rhythm.
* Victim Of The Ghetto
* Viola Wills
* Wolfman - Relased on Splish.
* X-CNN - The band were originally called CNN but had to change their name to X-CNN after legal action from the television news channel. The line-up featured ex-All About Eve/Sisters of Mercy member Tim Bricheno on guitar and David Tomlinson on vocals. Released through Transglobal.
* YBU - Released on Splish.

External links

* http://www.discogs.com/label/Rhythm+King+Records

See also

* List of record labels