Ellinikí Radiofonía Tileórasi

Infobox Network
network_name = Ellinikí Radiofonía Tileórasi (ERT)
"Ελληνική Ραδιοφωνία Τηλεόραση"
network_
country = flagicon|Greece Greece
network_type = Broadcast radio and television
available = National; international
owner =
key_people =
launch_date = 1938 (radio)
1965 (television)
founder =
slogan =
motto =
past_names = EIR (Hellenic Radio Foundation) (1938-1970)
EIRT (Hellenic Radio and Television Foundation)
(1970-1987)
website = http://www.ert.gr/

Ellinikí Radiofonía Tileórasi ( _el. Ελληνική Ραδιοφωνία Τηλεόραση—Hellenic Radio [and] Television) is the Greek state-owned public radio and television broadcasting corporation. It is a member of EBU. Around 88% of ERT's funding comes from television licence fees [http://www.circom-regional.org/crdocs/european-benchmarking2002.pdf] .

History

ERT began broadcasting in 1938, initially limited to radio services from Athens. At that time the company was known as the EIR (Hellenic Radio Foundation). In the years of World War II, broadcasting stopped during the Nazi occupation of Greece. After World War II, broadcasting resumed and the radio services were expanded to three national radio services as well as international radio services for immigrant Greeks. EIR was one of 23 founding broadcasting organisations of the European Broadcasting Union in 1950.

Test television broadcasts began in 1965 and full TV service began in 1966. In 1970, the company was renamed EIRT (Hellenic Radio and Television Foundation). At that time there were only two TV services - ERT and a second one (ΥΕΝΕΔ/YENED) that was operated and controlled by the Greek Army. It was used as a propaganda medium by the military government of Greece until its fall in 1974. Quite remarkably, the station retained its name and military orientation until the early 1980s, when it was renamed to ERT2. On September 1, 1987, a third station was added - ERT3, based in Thessaloniki, with progammes focused on issues of Northern Greece.

During the first 20 years of TV services in Greece, ERT broadcasting was limited, starting at around 5pm to between midnight and 2am Today, the three channels of ERT are known as ET1, NET and ET3, after another renaming and reshuffle of programme content in 1997, they now broadcast around the clock every day. ET1 is an entertainment channel whereas NET is focused on news services. ET3 is still focused on Northern Greece issues, although it broadcasts nationwide.

d shows. With the introduction of independent privately owned channels in Greece in the late 1980s, programme quality changed to a more commercial variety, in order to survive the fierce competition for ratings. This was a major shift in the network's principles that was dominated by wider variety, higher quality programmes including documentaries and World Cinema.

During the 2008 general strike that started on March 18, no programs ran but had the coverage of the second round of the Greek Cup which continued through the strike and was without any commentators, unheard to previous national strikes including a few previous ones including 2006 and there were one in the early 2000s.

Timeline

*1938 - The Hellenic Radio Institute, a predecessor of ERT, began broadcasting in the Greek language using radio.
*1965 - Experimental TV broadcasts began.
*1966 - Full TV service began under the name EIRT (Ethnikon Idryma Radiofonias Tileoraseos - Εθνικόν Ίδρυμα Ραδιοφωνίας Τηλεοράσεως - National Radio and Television Foundation). It was the only "national" channel for Greece until the late 20th century. The first sports broadcast was that of the 1966 FIFA World Cup.
*1968 - The first Olympic Games broadcast from Mexico City.
*1970 - The Hellenic Armed Forces launched their own television channel under the name TED - ΤΕΔ (Tileorasis Enoplon Dynameon - Τηλεόρασις Ενόπλων Δυνάμεων - Armed Forces Television).
*1972 - TED changed its name to YENED - ΥΕΝΕΔ (Ypiresia Enimeroseos Enoplon Dynameon - Υπηρεσία Ενημερώσεως Ενόπλων Δυνάμεων - Armed Forces Information Service)
*1974 May: - EIRT changed its name to ERT (Ellinikí Radiofonía Tileórasis - Ελληνική Ραδιοφωνία Τηλεόρασις - Hellenic Radio [and] Television). ERT broadcasts the Eurovision Song Contest for the first time.
*1979 - The first colour broadcast using the French SECAM system .
*1982 - YENED became a public, non-militarized broadcasting corporation under the name ERT-2. In the new logo, the number "2" was lined with three stripes.
*1982 - ERT-2 changed its logo again. The corporate name is inside a television screen.
*1987 - ERT and ERT-2 merged into one corporation under the name ERT, with five radio stations and two television channels (ET1 and ET2). Another channel launched (ET3) in Salonika.
*Late 1988 - ET2 changed its logo again. The new one resembled the French Antenne 2 channel logo.
*Mid 1990s: Switch of all ET stations to PAL colour system.
*1994 ERT changed its logos again. The logo was coloured with a number on top. Orange for ET1, green for ET2, and pink for ET3.
*1997 ET2 changes its name to NET, (Nea Elliniki Tileorasi - Νέα Ελληνική Τηλεόραση - New Hellenic Television), with a focus on news. The logo was also changed to blue and is in use to this day. ET1 and ET3 are the only channels that are numbered in order, left. ET1 logo is boxed orange with 1 in the middle.
*Late 1990s and early 2000s - ERT launched a satellite channel, ERT Sat, which began broadcasting programmes from Greece to other satellite systems all over Earth.
*2000 - NET became a general news and entertainment channel. ET1 changes its logo and becomes a channel for culture and education. The corporation's [http://www.ert.gr website, "www.ert.gr"] was launched.
*2001
**February: ERT Sat launched on Dish Network, channel 603.
*2004
**August: ERT was a Grand Sponsor of the Athens 2004 Olympic Games
**September: ERA-5 and ERA Spor launched on Dish Network, channels 722 and 723.
*2006
**March: ERT launched three new channels (Cine+, Sport+, Prisma+) via its ERT Digital subsidiary, transmitting digitally terrestrial for first time in Greece.
**May: ERT hosted the Eurovision Song Contest for the first time, because of Elena Paparizou's victory in the previous competition.
**Late November 2006: ERT Sat was renamed ERT World and programming was overhauled to better suit the "omogeneia", its target audience. Programming is split among 3 zones- Europe/Africa, North America & Asia/Australia with each having its own localized schedule.
*2008
**June: ERT undergoes major re-branding launching new logos for all of its television services as well as new corporate logo.

ervices

Radio

ERT broadcasts radio programmes under the name of ERA (Elliniki Radiofonia, "Greek Radio"), which it has done since 1988. Under this name, ERT broadcasts four national radio services. The first one, ERA NET, is primarily a news-oriented station, with some current affairs and talk programming. ERA2 is primarily a music station, while ERA3 is more of a classical music/arts & culture station (with some drama thrown in). ERA Spor (ERA4) is a sports-oriented station, with regular news every hour and sports news every half-hour. During the late night hours all ERA programmes air a common night programme. For regional audiences, ERT also has 19 regional stations with relays. The regional station in Macedonia is the only one with two separate programme streams and a shortwave service. The interval signal for all ERA programmes are several opening bars of the folk song "Tsopanakos Imouna" (Once I Was A Shepherd Boy).

In the cities of Athens and Corinth, two additional programmes are aired. KOSMOS is primarily a world music station, on FM exclusively in Athens. FILIA is a multilingual station directed mostly towards immigrants, on FM and AM in both Athens and Corinth; the AM channel also airs KOSMOS in the late night hours.

ERT also broadcasts the Voice of Greece (ERA 5) for an international audience, using shortwave. Under the name of the ERA International Network, Voice of Greece and some ERA domestic programmes are rebroadcast on AM and FM stations throughout the globe. In addition, the ERT regional station in Macedonia can also be heard on shortwave. In September 2004, ERA Spor & ERA 5 were added to Dish Network's lineup of Greek channels, giving viewers in North America access to 2 of Greece's public radio stations.

Television

Today there are three nation-wide channels in Greece, two (ET1 & NET) are in the "Radiomegaro" in Aghia Paraskevi, Athens, the main ERT headquarters. The building's size is 600 m by 600 m. There is a large television facility northeast of Athens at Mesogeion Avenue. The third channel, ET3, broadcasts from Thessaloniki and is a regional channel that caters to Northern Greece.

ERT also broadcasts an international channel, ERT World (formerly ERT Sat), which is only available to international audiences, outside of Greece. ERT World broadcasts as a subscription service or FTA to Europe, North America, Asia & Australia.

Programming

For a list of programs, see List of programs broadcast by ERT

Channels

*ET1 - broadcasting from Katehaki street in Athens, Greece
*NET - broadcast from Aghia Paraskevi in Athens, Greece
*ET3 - broadcasting from Thessaloniki, Greece
*ERT Digital
**Cine+ - digital terrestrial television
**Sport+ - digital terrestrial television
**Prisma+ - digital terrestrial television
*ERT World - broadcasting from Aghia Paraskevi in Athens, mainly for international use.

Reporters

*Lina Bethani
*Emma Papaemannouil
*Zois Kakkavas
*Anna Kandyla
*Alekos Markellou
*Zisis Moussios

ee also

*List of Greek television channels
*List of radio stations in Greece

External links

* [http://www.ert.gr Official Site] gr icon en icon
* [http://www.ert3.gr ET3] gr icon
* [http://www.voiceofgreece.gr Voice of Greece]
* [http://ert.ntua.gr ERT World] (Live Internet Feed)