Antonio Bosio

Antonio Bosio

Antonio Bosio (c. 1575-1576 – 1629) was an Italian scholar, the first systematic explorer of subterranean Rome (the "Columbus of the Catacombs"), author of "Roma Sotterranea" and first urban spelunker.

Biography

Bosio was born in Malta.

Sent as a boy to the care of his uncle, who was representative at the Holy See of the Knights of Malta, he studied literature, philosophy, and jurisprudence, but at the age of eighteen he gave up his legal studies, went to Rome and for the remainder of his life his time was devoted to archaeological work in the Roman catacombs.

The accidental discovery in 1578 of an ancient subterranean cemetery on the Via Salaria had attracted general attention in Rome. Few, however, realized the importance of the discovery, and with the exception of three foreign scholars, Alfonso Chacon, [The Andalusian scholar Chacon (c1540/42–1599) called Ciacconio in Italy), entered the Dominican order and concentrated in ecclesiastical history and Christian antiquities, producing a Lives of the popes and cardinals of the Holy Roman Church' that was published in Rome, 1601-1602] the antiquarian Philips van Winghe (1560-1592) from Leuven [ See on Philips van Winghe: Cornelis Schuddeboom, "Philips van Winghe (1560-1592) en het ontstaan van de christelijke archeologie", Haren 1996.] and Jean L'Heureux (alias Macarius), [ L'Heureux's notes on the catacombs of 1605 remained in manuscript until they were edited and published in the mid-nineteenth century by Raffaele Garrucci [http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06389b.htm Catholic Encyclopedia" " Raffaele Garrucci"] ] no one seriously thought of pursuing further investigations. Bosio began the systematic exploration of subterranean Rome and thus became a precursor of the science of Christian archaeology, an inspiration to Giovanni Battista de Rossi. The young explorer realized that early Christian literature such as "acta" of the martyrs and accounts of the councils would offer clues to the locations of the catacombs; an idea of the vast scope of his reading is in two great folio volumes of his manuscript notes in the Vallicelliana library at Rome, each of which contains about a thousand pages.

The scholarly labors of Bosio accounted for only half of his time; after he had collected all the data possible relative to the location of a catacomb on one of the great Roman roads leading from Rome, Bosio would set out for the places indicated, and cover the ground carefully in the hope of discovering a forgotten stairway offering access, or a "luminarium" lighting the underground galleries of a cemetery. He had the sense to question the local peasants. He would then descend to the subterranean galleries and commence his explorations. Narrow passages led from one series of galleries to another. Years could pass without any new entrances being discovered.

This life work of Bosio was all but unknown until the publication three years after his death of his "Roma Sotterranea" (1632). The folio volume was brought out under the patronage of the Knights of Malta, edited by the Oratorian Severano, under the patronage of Cardinal Francesco Barberini. A Latin translation that appeared in 1651 took liberties with the text. Bosio's "Roma Sotterranea" is entirely devoted to a description of the cemeteries with the end of ascertaining all that was possible regarding the history of each cemetery, by what name it was known in antiquity, who its founders were, and what martyrs and illustrious Christians were interred there. Many of his conclusions have in modern times been found to be erroneous, but Bosio's method is acknowledged to have been scientific within the shortcomings of the infant science of archaeology. The engravings that accompanied the volume are of little use to the modern archaeologist.

An unfortunate result of the publication was that with the locations known, the catacombs were scoured for anything that might prove of value on the market; though much information on the condition of the catacombs and their inscriptions and frescoes in the early 17th century was preserved in Bosio's volume, much also was lost through the publication. Some of the catacombs Bosio described have since been destroyed by subsequent construction.

Bosio's great work's full title is "Roma Sotterranea, opera postuma di Antonio Bosio Romano, antiquario ecclesiastico singolare de' suoi tempi. Compita, disposta, et accresciuta dal M. R. P. Giovanni Severani da S. Severino" (Rome, 1632).

He died in Rome in 1629.

Notes

References and further reading

* [http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/02693a.htm "Catholic Encyclopedia":] "Antonio Bosio"
* [http://chi.gospelcom.net/DAILYF/2001/05/daily-05-31-2001.shtml "Accidental Discovery of Catacombs"] , by the Christian History Institute


Wikimedia Foundation. 2010.

Игры ⚽ Поможем написать курсовую

Look at other dictionaries:

  • Antonio Bosio —     Antonio Bosio     † Catholic Encyclopedia ► Antonio Bosio     Known as The Columbus of the Catacombs , b. in the island of Malta about the year 1576; d. 1629. While still a boy he was sent to Rome and placed in charge of an uncle who… …   Catholic encyclopedia

  • Antonio Bosio — (* um 1575 in Malta; † 1629 in Rom) war ein italienischer christlicher Archäologe. Leben Der um 1575 auf Malta geborene Antonio Bosio kam bereits in jungem Alter nach Rom zu seinem Onkel, dem Historiker des Johanniterordens, Giacomo Bosio. Später …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Antonio Bosio — Saltar a navegación, búsqueda Antonio Bosio (nacido en Malta en 1575 y fallecido en Roma en 1629) fue un arqueólogo. Desde muy joven se trasladó a Roma para realizar sus estudios en el colegio romano de los jesuitas. Su interés principal fue el… …   Wikipedia Español

  • Antonio Bosio — Pour les articles homonymes, voir Bosio. Antonio Bosio (né en 1575 ou 1576 à Malte et mort le 6 septembre 1629 à Rome est un archéologue italien d origine maltaise. Biographie Cette section est vide, insuffisamment détaillée ou… …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Bosio — heißt der Ort Bosio (Piemont) in der Provinz Alessandria, Piemont, Italien Bosio oder De Bosio ist der Familienname folgender Personen: Antonio Bosio (1575/6–1629), italienischer Gelehrter Edoardo Bosio (1864–??), italienischer Fußballspieler und …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Bosio (surname) — Family name name = Bosio image size = 150px caption = pronunciation = meaning = Derived from boxwood region = Lombardy in northern Italy, particularly Milan language = Italian related names = Bossi, Boselli, Bossy and Bossie search = prefix =… …   Wikipedia

  • Bosio — Cette page d’homonymie répertorie les différents sujets et articles partageant un même nom. Bosio Antonio Bosio, archéologue italien (1570 1629) François Joseph Bosio, sculpteur français (1768 1845) Jean François Bosio, frère du précédent,… …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Antonio — Infobox Given Name gender = Male origin = AntoniusAntonio may refer to the fictional characters: *Antonio (Merchant of Venice), the title character in Shakespeare s The Merchant of Venice. *Antonio, a character in Shakespeare s Much Ado About… …   Wikipedia

  • Bosio (Piemont) — Bosio …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Bosio (Italie) — Bosio Administration Pays  Italie Région …   Wikipédia en Français

Share the article and excerpts

Direct link
Do a right-click on the link above
and select “Copy Link”