Franco-Dutch War

Franco-Dutch War

Infobox Military Conflict
conflict=Franco-Dutch War
partof=


caption=
date=1672-1678
place=Europe, The Netherlands
casus=
territory=
result=Treaty of Nijmegen, Treaty of Westminster
combatant1=flagicon|Netherlands|pri Dutch Republic
flag|Holy Roman Empire
flag|Spain|1506
combatant2=flagicon|France|royal France
flag|England
flag|Sweden
commander1=Michiel de Ruyter
commander2=
strength1=
strength2=
casualties1=
casualties2=
notes=

The Franco-Dutch War (1672–1678) was a war fought between the Kingdom of France, Bishopric of Münster , Archbishopric of Cologne and Kingdom of England against the Dutch Republic.
The Dutch were later on joined by the Holy Roman Emperor, Brandenburg and Spain to form a quadruple alliance. The war ended with the Treaty of Nijmegen (1678); this granted France control of the Franche-Comté (from Spain).

France led a coalition including Münster and England. Louis XIV was annoyed by the Dutch refusal to cooperate in the destruction and division of the Spanish Netherlands.

As the Dutch army had been neglected since 1648, the French had no trouble after unexpectedly by-passing the fortress of Maastricht to march into the heart of the Republic, taking Utrecht. Prince William III of Orange is assumed to have had the leading Dutch politician Johan de Witt deposed and murderedFact|10-27-2007|date=October 2007, and was acclaimed stadtholder. As the French had promised the major cities of Holland to the English they were in no hurry to capture them, but tried to extort sixteen million guilders from the Dutch in exchange for a separate peace. This outrageous demand stiffened Dutch resistance and the negotiations gave the Republic time to flood the countryside by deliberate inundations (Dutch Water Line), blocking any further French advance. The bishop of Münster laid siege to Groningen but failed. An attempt was made to invade the Republic by sea, but this was thwarted by Admiral Michiel de Ruyter in four strategic victories against the combined Anglo-French fleet (these events are usually called the Third Anglo-Dutch War). England then abandoned the war in 1674.

Already, allies had joined the Dutch cause; the Elector of Brandenburg, the Emperor, and Charles II of Spain. Louis, despite the successful Siege of Maastricht in 1673, was forced to abandon his plans of conquering the Dutch and revert to a slow, cautious war of attrition around the French frontiers.

Jurriaen Aernoutsz, a navy captain from Curaçao, captured two small forts in the French colony of Acadia in 1674. Although the Dutch never fully gained control of the territory, they continued to claim sovereignty over Acadia on paper for the duration of the war, even appointing Cornelius Van Steenwyk as its nominal governor. In actual practice, however, the territory remained under French control. By the time of the Treaty of Nijmegen, however, the Dutch claim to Acadia was simply abandoned.

By 1678, Louis XIV had managed to break apart his opponents' coalition, and managed to gain considerable territories by the terms of the Treaty of Nijmegen. Most notably, the French acquired the Franche-Comté and various territories in the Southern Netherlands from the Spanish. Nevertheless the Dutch had thwarted the ambitions of two of the major royal dynasties of the time: the Stuarts and the Bourbons. The war marked the beginning of the unending rivalry between the two most powerful men in Europe. William III (who would later on also seize the throne of England, see Glorious Revolution) and Louis XIV and their respective allies would be pitted against each other in a long series of wars that followed in the years afterwards.

ee also

*War of Devolution (1667-68)
*War of the League of Augsburg (1688-97)
*War of the Spanish Succession (1701-14)
*For the "Dutch wars" of England, see Anglo-Dutch Wars
*For the quadruple alliance of 1718–1720, see War of the Quadruple Alliance
*Scanian War (1675-79)


Wikimedia Foundation. 2010.

Игры ⚽ Поможем сделать НИР

Look at other dictionaries:

  • Franco-Austrian War — can refer to any of a number of wars between France and Austria:*Part of the Thirty Years War (1635 1648) *The Franco Dutch War (1672 1678) *The War of the Grand Alliance (1688 1697) *The War of the Spanish Succession (1701 1714) *The War of the… …   Wikipedia

  • Dutch War — may refer to: The Dutch Portuguese War, 1588–1661 Any of the four Anglo Dutch Wars: The First Anglo Dutch War, 1652–1654 The Second Anglo Dutch War, 1665–1667 The Third Anglo Dutch War, 1672–1674 The Fourth Anglo Dutch War, 1780–1784 The Franco… …   Wikipedia

  • Dutch War — ▪ 1672–78 also called  Franco dutch War        (1672–78), the second war of conquest by Louis XIV of France, whose chief aim in the conflict was to establish French possession of the Spanish Netherlands after having forced the Dutch Republic s… …   Universalium

  • Franco-Spanish War (1635) — Infobox Military Conflict conflict=Franco Spanish War caption= date=1635 ndash; 1659 place=Northern, eastern and southern France; northern Spain; the Spanish Netherlands; Italy result=French victory; Treaty of the Pyrenees combatant1= combatant2 …   Wikipedia

  • Third Anglo-Dutch War — Infobox Military Conflict conflict=Third Anglo Dutch War partof=Franco Dutch War caption= The Battle of Texel, 11 ndash;21 August 1673 by Willem van de Velde, the younger, painted 1683, depicts a battle of the Third Anglo Dutch War date=1672 1674 …   Wikipedia

  • Dutch Water Line — Old Dutch Waterline New Dutch Waterline Netherlands One of the inundation sluices near Utrecht Type …   Wikipedia

  • Dutch occupation of Acadia — The spot where Jurriaen Aernoutsz buried a bottle at Fort Pentagouet, Castine, Maine marking the Dutch claim over Acadia The Dutch Occupation of Acadia began when the Dutch naval captain Jurriaen Aernoutsz seized several settlements of Acadia, a… …   Wikipedia

  • Dutch Occupation of Acadia — The Dutch Occupation of Acadia began in 1674, when the Dutch naval Captain Jurriaen Aernoutsz briefly occupied French held areas of Acadia. Areas occupied included coastal towns along Maine and New Brunswick, two forts, and a French military… …   Wikipedia

  • Dutch Republic — United Netherlands redirects here. For other uses, see United Netherlands (disambiguation). Republic of the Seven United Netherlands / Seven Provinces Republiek der Zeven Verenigde Nederlanden / Zeven Provinciën Confederal Republic …   Wikipedia

  • War of Devolution — Infobox Military Conflict conflict=War of Devolution caption=Louis XIV visiting a trench during the war. Painting by Charles Le Brun. date=24 May, 1667 ndash; 2 May, 1668 place=Spanish Netherlands, Franche Comté result=French victory… …   Wikipedia

Share the article and excerpts

Direct link
Do a right-click on the link above
and select “Copy Link”