Tip jet

Tip jet

Tip jet refers to the jet nozzles located at the tip of some helicopter rotor blades. The objective is to spin the rotor, much like a Catherine wheel firework.

Some Tipjets rely solely on compressed air, provided by a separate engine, to create jet thrust. Others use an afterburner type system to burn fuel in the compressed air, to enhance the thrust; and some are ramjets or even a complete turbojet engine. Some are rocket tip jets that run off stored propellant such as hydrogen peroxide.

Tipjets replace the normal shaft drive and have the advantage of placing no torque on the airframe, so no tail rotor is required.

During the Second World War a German, Friedrich von Doblhoff, suggested powering a helicopter with ram jets and the first jettip powered helicopter was the WNF 342 V1 in 1943. After the war two WNF 342 prototypes ended up with the Americans and Doblhoff joined McDonnell Douglas who subsequently produced the McDonnell XV-1. The engineer, August Stephan, who had actually produced the jet tip engines joined Fairey Aviation company of the United Kingdom which used them in their Fairey Gyrodyne and Fairey Rotodyne aircraft first flying in 1954 and 1957 respectively.

Eugene Michael Gluhareff was an early pioneer of tipjets.

In engine-out scenarios the presence of tipjets on the rotor increases the moment of inertia, hence permitting it to store energy, which makes doing a successful autorotation landing somewhat easier, however the tipjet also very typically generates significant extra air drag, which demands a higher sink rate and means that a very sudden transition to the landing flare must occur for survival, with little room for error.

Rotorcraft using tip jets

*Percival P.74 (unable to leave the ground)
*Hiller YH-32 Hornet had good lifting capability but was otherwise poor
*Fairey Jet Gyrodyne
*Fairey Rotodyne
*Fiat 7002
*McDonnell XV-1
*Hughes XH-17 (largest rotor of any type on a helicopter)
* Nederlandse Helikopter Industrie NHI H-3 "Kolibrie" (ca 11 built)
*Rotary Rocket Roton ATV
*Sud-Ouest Djinn

None have made it into production apart from the Sud-Ouest Djinn.

ee also

*aeolipile
*rocket engine
*jet engine

References

*http://www.gyropilot.co.uk/downloads/Rotodyne%202%20RTF%20Mod.pdf Accessed 1 February 2007


Wikimedia Foundation. 2010.

Игры ⚽ Поможем написать реферат

Look at other dictionaries:

  • tip jet — A jet of combustion gases or compressed air issuing from the rotor tips of a helicopter and thus providing the power to drive the rotor …   Aviation dictionary

  • Tip — Tip, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Tipped}; p. pr. & vb. n. {Tipping}.] To form a point upon; to cover the tip, top, or end of; as, to tip anything with gold or silver. [1913 Webster] With truncheon tipped with iron head. Hudibras. [1913 Webster] Tipped… …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • Jet engine performance — This article describes how jet engine performance is estimated during the design phase. Similar techniques are used once the engine has been built and is being tested, except the performance of individual components, rather than being assumed, is …   Wikipedia

  • jet engine — an engine, as an aircraft engine, that produces forward motion by the rearward exhaust of a jet of fluid or heated air and gases. Also called jet, jet motor. [1940 45] * * * Any of a class of internal combustion engines that propel aircraft by… …   Universalium

  • jet — I n 1. stream, gush, fountain, spring, rush, flush, spate, Fr. jet d eau; gusher, geyser, well, Inf. spouter; spout, spurt, squirt, spray, spit, Chiefly Dial. spritz. 2. nozzle, spout, sprinkler, tip, sparger, nose, snout; shower head, sprinkler… …   A Note on the Style of the synonym finder

  • jet rotor — A helicopter rotor driven by jet engines mounted on the blades. Also called tip jets …   Aviation dictionary

  • Gluhareff Pressure Jet — The Gluhareff Pressure Jet (or tip jet) is a type of jet engine that, like a Pulse jet, has no moving parts. It was invented by Eugene Gluhareff, a Russian engineer who envisaged it as a power plant for personal helicopters and compact aircraft… …   Wikipedia

  • Fairey Jet Gyrodyne — Infobox Aircraft name=Fairey Jet Gyrodyne type=Gyrodyne manufacturer=Fairey Aviation caption= designer= first flight=January 1954 (free flight) 1 March 1955 (transition flight) introduced= retired=1961 status= primary user= more users= produced=… …   Wikipedia

  • Sting jet — A sting jet is a meteorological phenomenon which is believed to be the cause of the most damaging winds in European windstorms.Following reanalysis of the Great Storm of 1987, led by Professor Keith Browning at the University of Reading,… …   Wikipedia

  • Airbreathing jet engine — An airbreathing jet engine (or ducted jet engine) is a jet engine propelled by a jet of hot exhaust gases formed from air that is drawn into the engine via an inlet duct. All practical airbreathing jet engines are internal combustion engines that …   Wikipedia

Share the article and excerpts

Direct link
… Do a right-click on the link above
and select “Copy Link”