Hyperiidea

Hyperiidea

Taxobox
name = Hyperiidea


image_width = 250px
image_caption = A hyperiid amphipod ("Hyperia macrocephala")
regnum = Animalia
phylum = Arthropoda
subphylum = Crustacea
classis = Malacostraca
ordo = Amphipoda
subordo = Hyperiidea
subordo_authority = Milne-Edwards, 1830
subdivision_ranks = Families
subdivision = "See text"

Hyperiidea is a suborder of amphipods, small aquatic crustaceans. Unlike the other suborders of Amphipoda, hyperiids are exclusively marine and do not occur in freshwater. Hyperiids are distinguished by their large eyes and planktonic habitat. Most species of Hyperiids are parasites or predators of salps and jellyfishes in the plankton, although "Themisto gaudichaudii" and a few relatives are free-swimming predators of copepods and other small planktonic animals.

Taxonomy

According to Vinogradov "et al." [cite book| author=Vinogradov, M. E., A. F. Volkov & T. N. Semenova |year=1996 |title=Hyperiid amphipods (Amphipoda: Hyperiidea) of the world |id=ISBN 1-886106-48-7] , there are 233 species of Hyperiidea.

There is some controversy as to the number of families in the Hyperiidea, being given as between 20 and 23 depending on whether groups like the Thaumatopsidae are considered distinct or not. Here is the conservative list, of 20 families:

*Lanceolidae
*Chuneolidae
*Microphasmidae
*Archaeoscinidae
*Scinidae
*Mimonectidae
*Proscinidae
*Cystisomatidae
*Vibiliidae
*Paraphronimidae
*Hyperiidae
*Dairellidae
*Phronimidae
*Phrosinidae
*Lycaeopsidae
*Anapronoidae
*Lycaeidae
*Oxycephalidae
*Platyscelidae
*Parascelidae

Distribution

Hyperiidea are known from many oceans of the world, including 69 species in the Southern Ocean [cite journal | quotes=no |author=De Broyer, C. & K. Jazdzewski |year=1993 |title=Contribution to the marine biodiversity inventory: A checklist of the Amphipoda (Crustacea) of the Southern Ocean |journal=Doc Trav Inst R Sci Nat Belg |volume=73 |url=http://www.naturalsciences.be/amphi/carcilist.htm] .

References


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