Microsoft Virtual PC

Infobox Software
name = Microsoft Virtual PC



caption = Screenshot of Virtual PC 2007 for Windows with virtualized Windows 2000
developer = Microsoft Corporation
latest_release_version = 2007 SP1 (Windows), 7.0.3 (Mac)
latest_release_date = May 15, 2008 (Windows), August 14, 2007 (Mac)
operating_system = Microsoft Windows, Mac OS X (deprecated), Mac OS (deprecated)
genre = Emulator, Virtual machine
license = Proprietary, but free to download and use
website = [http://www.microsoft.com/windows/virtualpc/default.mspx for Windows]
[http://www.microsoft.com/mac/products/virtualpc/virtualpc.aspx?pid=virtualpc for Mac]

Microsoft Virtual PC is a virtualization suite for Microsoft Windows operating systems, and an emulation suite for Mac OS X on PowerPC-based systems. The software was originally written by Connectix, and was subsequently acquired by Microsoft. In July 2006 Microsoft released the Windows-hosted version as a free product. In August 2006 Microsoft announced the Macintosh-hosted version would not be ported to Intel-based Macintoshes, effectively discontinuing the product as PowerPC-based Macintoshes are no longer manufactured.

Virtual PC virtualizes a standard PC and its associated hardware. Supported Windows operating systems can run inside Virtual PC, however other operating systems like Linux may run, but are not officially supported (for example, Ubuntu, a popular Linux distribution, can only get past the boot screen of the Live CD when using Safe Graphics Mode).

Emulated environment

Virtual PC emulates the following.
*32-bit Intel Pentium II processor (but virtualizes the host processor on Windows versions) with an Intel 440BX chipset
*standard SVGA VESA graphics card (S3 Trio 32 PCI with 4 MB Video RAM, adjustable in later versions up to 16 MB)
*system BIOS from American Megatrends (AMI)
*Creative Labs Sound Blaster 16 ISA PnP (when Vista is installed as both the host (main) and guest (virtual) Operating systems, then the need to set audio configuration is removed, as the guest (Virtual) OS automatically synchronizes the settings with the host (main) Operating System.)
*DEC 21041 (DEC 21140 in newer versions) Ethernet network card.

USB is not supported, although standard peripherals that make use of USB on the host OS are recognized as otherwise. Programs which use undocumented features of hardware, exotic timings, or unsupported opcodes may not work, although overall compatibility can be considered satisfactory.

*The Macintosh version of Virtual PC uses dynamic recompilation to translate the x86 code used by a standard PC into equivalent PowerPC code used by a Mac.
*The Windows version of Virtual PC also uses dynamic recompilation, but only to translate kernel mode and real mode x86 code into x86 user mode code, while original user mode and virtual 8086 mode code run natively.

It also uses some guest call traps (especially when using the guest extensions) to accelerate emulation or offer additional features, such as integration with the host environment.

Virtual Hard Disk (VHD) is the file format used by Virtual PC and Virtual Server, for which Microsoft has made available all documentation under the Open Specification Promise.

Virtual Machine Additions

To facilitate exchange and sharing of files, folders and data between the host operating system and the guest operating system, Virtual PC supports installing "Virtual Machine Additions". These are installed in the guest operating system and provide the following functionality across the host and guest operating systems:
* Better performance of the guest OS
* Integrated use of the mouse
* Optimized video drivers
* Dynamic Screen Resolution (the ability to use any screen resolution in the guest by resizing the Virtual Machine window)
* Time synchronization with the host
* Clipboard sharing
* Drag-and-drop capabilities
* Possibility to share files and folders between the host system and the guest system

upported host and guest operating systems

Host operating systems

Virtual PC 2007 officially supports the following host operating systems:

* Windows Vista (32-bit and 64-bit versions of Windows Vista Ultimate, Enterprise, Business editions and European Business N only, not Windows Vista Starter, Windows Vista Home Basic or Home Premium or European Vista Home N editions)
* Windows XP Professional and Tablet PC Edition (32-bit) and Windows XP Professional x64 Edition, not Windows XP Home Edition or * Windows XP Media Center Edition)
* Windows Server 2003
* Windows Server 2008

Some operating systems not officially supported, including Windows Vista Home Premium and Windows XP Media Center Edition also work. [http://download.microsoft.com/download/4/4/c/44ccd131-67fb-4224-a96e-193be1765b43/relnotes.htm Virtual PC 2007 Release Notes] ]

Virtual PC 2004 was the last version to support Windows 2000 as the host OS.

Guest operating systems

Virtual PC 2007 supports virtualizing the following operating systems:

* Windows Vista (All 32-bit editions)
* Windows XP (All 32-bit only)
* Windows Server 2008 (Virtual PC 2007 SP1 onwards)
* Windows 2000 Professional and Server
* Windows 98 Second Edition
* Windows Server 2003 Standard Edition
* Windows NT 4.0 Server
* Certain editions of IBM OS/2

Support for Windows 95, the Windows 98 original release, Windows Me, Windows NT 4.0 Workstation and MS-DOS 6.22 as guests has been discontinued in Virtual PC 2007 but they may run regardless, although Virtual PC Additions are not available on early operating systems such as Windows 95 or MS-DOS 6.22. It is, however, possible to use Virtual PC 2004 additions with Windows 95 and MS-DOS. [http://blogs.msdn.com/virtual_pc_guy/archive/2007/10/30/installing-dos-additions-under-vpc-2007.aspx]

Linux guests are not officially supported by Virtual PC 2004 and 2007 although "Virtual Machine Additions" support for Linux was available in Connectix's version of Virtual PC before it was acquired by Microsoft. Microsoft supports VM Additions for Linux only in their Virtual Server product. Both the OS/2 and Linux VM additions were developed by German company [http://www.innotek.de/ innotek] GmbH for Connectix/Microsoft. [ [http://groups.google.com.au/group/microsoft.public.virtualpc/msg/1dbfbc16da8ac9af VirtualPC Version History] ]

Emulating Linux-based environments

Although installing a Linux-based environment is possible, it is not seamless. For some supported Linux distributions the guest operating system must be installed in text mode, as Microsoft Virtual PC only emulates graphics at 16-bit or 32-bit color depth, not 24-bit. In order to run an X Window user interface, the guest operating system will need to have xorg.conf edited to 16-bit in order to comply with this limitation.cite web |last=Geek For Life |year=2006 |publisher=Geek For Life |url=http://davidbrunelle.com/2006/09/23/installing-fedora-core-on-microsoft-virtual-pc-2004/ |title=Installing Fedora Core on Microsoft Virtual PC 2004 |accessdate=2007-05-01]

Some websites specialize in listing operating systems that work over Virtual PC, including Linux distributions, so the user can avoid issues when testing those unsupported OSes over Virtual PC. [ [http://vpc.visualwin.com/ What Works and What Doesn't in Microsoft Virtual PC 2004 ] ]

Version history

Virtual PC was originally developed by Connectix for the Macintosh and was released in June 1997. In June 2001 the first version of Virtual PC for Windows, version 4.0, was released. Connectix sold versions of Virtual PC bundled with a variety of operating systems, including many versions of Windows, OS/2, and Red Hat Linux. As it became clear that virtualization was important to the enterprise, Microsoft became interested in the sector and acquired Virtual PC and an (at the time) unreleased product called "Virtual Server" from Connectix in February 2003.

Version 5.0 was ported by [http://www.innotek.de/ innotek] GmbH (makers of VirtualBox and now part of Sun Microsystems) to run with OS/2 as host. [ [http://www.bityard.com/article.php?sid=100 Innotek/Connectix Virtual PC] ] For this version, innotek also developed guest extensions for OS/2 guest, that can be used with Windows, OS/2 or Mac OS X hosts using Virtual PC versions 5, 6 or 7. A new version of the guest extensions was included with Virtual PC 2004.

On July 12, 2006, Microsoft released Virtual PC 2004 for Windows as a free product but the Mac version was not made free. The Windows version may be downloaded from [http://www.microsoft.com/downloads/details.aspx?FamilyId=6D58729D-DFA8-40BF-AFAF-20BCB7F01CD1&displaylang=en here] . The equivalent version for Mac, version 7, was the final version of Virtual PC for Mac.

Microsoft made the first public beta release of Virtual PC 2007 available to testers on October 11, 2006, and released the final version on February 19, 2007. As expected, Virtual PC 2007 is only available for the Windows platform. The main improvements over Virtual PC 2004 are support for hardware virtualization, viewing virtual machines on multiple monitors and support for Windows Vista as both host and guest (although Windows Vista guests currently cannot make use of Aero Glass due to the limitations of the emulated video hardware unless the guest Vista OS utilizes a Remote Desktop Connection to the host Vista OS). On May 15, 2008, Microsoft released Virtual PC 2007 Service Pack 1. [ [http://arstechnica.com/journals/microsoft.ars/2008/05/15/microsoft-drops-some-details-on-upcoming-virtual-pc-2007-sp1 Microsoft releases Virtual PC 2007 SP1] ]

Virtual Machine Additions for Linux are available on the Microsoft Download Center, but are officially supported only in Virtual Server. [ [http://www.microsoft.com/downloads/details.aspx?FamilyId=BF12642F-77DC-4D45-AE4E-E1B05E0A2674 VM Additions for Linux] ] They were developed by innotek. [ [http://groups.google.com.au/group/microsoft.public.virtualpc/msg/1dbfbc16da8ac9af Virtual PC Version History] ]

Intel-based Mac support

Microsoft announced on August 7, 2006 that Virtual PC for Mac would not be ported to the Intel Mac platform. Microsoft stated “alternative solutions offered by Apple such as Boot Camp and by other vendors, combined with a fully packaged retail copy of Windows, will satisfy this need.” [Cite web |url=http://www.macworld.com/news/2006/08/07/vpc/index.php |title=WWDC: Microsoft kills Virtual PC for Mac |publisher=MacWorld |date=2006-08-07 |accessdate=2007-10-08 |last=Cohen |first=Peter]

ee also

*Comparison of virtual machines
*Virtual machine
*x86 virtualization
*VirtualBox
*VMware Workstation
*Microsoft Virtual Server
*Virtual Hard Disk (VHD) format

References

Use your Windows XP license from Virtual PC v.7 [http://www.macosxhints.com/article.php?story=20060527175405403]

External links

* [http://www.microsoft.com/windowsxp/virtualpc/ Microsoft Virtual PC for Windows]
* [http://www.chotocheeta.com/2007/09/01/microsoft-virtual-pc-2007/ Basic End-user Guide for Virtual PC 2007]
* [http://www.microsoft.com/downloads/details.aspx?FamilyId=6D58729D-DFA8-40BF-AFAF-20BCB7F01CD1&displaylang=en Download Microsoft Virtual PC 2004 SP1 for Windows]
* [http://www.microsoft.com/downloads/details.aspx?FamilyID=28c97d22-6eb8-4a09-a7f7-f6c7a1f000b5 Download Microsoft Virtual PC 2007 SP1 for Windows]
* [http://www.microsoft.com/windowsserversystem/virtualserver/default.mspx Microsoft Virtual Server 2005]
*waybackdate|date=20030201080705|site=http://connectix.com/index_win.html|title=Connectix Virtual Server before Acquisition
*waybackdate|date=20030207074742|site=http://www.connectix.com/index_mac.html|title=Connectix Virtual PC 6 for Mac before Acquisition
* [http://www.windowsecurity.com/articles/Microsoft-Virtual-PC.html Use Microsoft's Virtual PC to Test Software Before Deploying It]
* [http://www.dotnetrocks.com/default.aspx?showID=115 Brian Randell interview regarding Microsoft Virtual PC architecture]
* [http://www.drewslair.com/desk/software/virtualpc.shtml Software Review - Microsoft Virtual PC]
* [http://blogs.msdn.com/virtual_pc_guy/ Virtual PC Blog on Microsoft MSDN]
* [http://arstechnica.com/reviews/apps/vm.ars/1 ArsTechnica comparison of Virtual PC and VMware]
* [http://infomyth.com/VirtualPC/virtualpc.htm Running DOS games and Linux in a Virtual PC]
* [http://vpc.visualwin.com What works and what doesn't in Microsoft Virtual PC 2004] A list of OSes that work and don't work in Microsoft Virtual PC 2004.
* [http://blandname.com/2006/11/18/vista-on-vista-virtualization-using-virtual-pc-2007/ Vista Running on Virtual PC 2007 Beta] Vista on Vista Virtualization using Virtual PC 2007
* [http://en.ofgsoftware.com/web/virtualizacion/virtualpc2007/virtualpc2007_equiposvirtuales.html Virtual machines for Virtual PC 2007]