Piperaceae

taxobox
name = Piperaceae


image_caption = "Piper nigrum", from Koehler (1887)
regnum = Plantae
unranked_divisio = Angiosperms
unranked_classis = Magnoliids
ordo = Piperales
familia = Piperaceae
familia_authority = Bercht. & J.Presl (1820)
subdivision_ranks = genera
subdivision = "Arctottonia
"Discipiper
"Lepianthes
"Macropiper
"Manekia
"Peperomia
"Piper
"Piperanthera
"Pleiostachyopiper
"Sarcorhachis
"Trianaeopiper
"Zippelia|

Piperaceae is the botanical name for a family of flowering plants. Such a family has been recognized by most taxonomists: it is sometimes known as the "pepper family". The best known species is "Piper nigrum", which yields the most famous peppercorns used as a spice, including "black pepper", although its cousins in the famly include many other spices.

The APG II system, of 2003 (unchanged from the APG system, of 1998), also recognizes this family, and assigns it to the order Piperales in the clade magnoliids.

The family consists of about a dozen genera, totalling two to three thousand species of usually aromatic plants. The best known genera are "Peperomia" and "Piper".

External links

* [http://delta-intkey.com/angio/ The families of flowering plants] : descriptions, illustrations, identification, information retrieval.
* [http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=10692 Piperaceae in the "Flora of North America"]
* [http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=2&taxon_id=10692 Piperaceae in the "Flora of China"]
* [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Tree&id=16739&lvl=3&lin=f&keep=1&srchmode=1&unlock NCBI Taxonomy Browser]
* [http://home.kku.ac.th/raccha/Piper.html Piperaceae in Thailand]

References

* (2004): "Piper: A model genus for studies of evolution, chemical ecology, and trophic interactions". Kluwer Academic Publishers, Boston. ISBN 0-306-48498-6
* (2008): [http://www.earthcare.com.au/other.htm Tropical Root Crops] . Retrieved 2008-JUL-15.
* (1969): Hoabinhian: A pebble tool complex with early plant associations in Southeast Asia. "Science" 163(3868): 671-673. doi|10.1126/science.163.3868.671 (HTML abstract)
* (1971): The Hoabinhian and After: Subsistence Patterns in Southeast Asia during the Late Pleistocene and Early Recent Periods. "World Archaeology" 2(3): 300-320. [http://www.jstor.org/pss/124120 HTML abstract and first page image]
* (2007): " [http://www.iucnredlist.org 2007 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species] ". IUCN, Gland.
* (2007): Effects of Kava Alkaloid, Pipermethystine, and Kavalactones on Oxidative Stress and Cytochrome P450 in F-344 Rats. "Toxicological Science" 97(1): 214-221. doi|10.1093/toxsci/kfm035 PMID 17329236 [http://toxsci.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/reprint/97/1/214.pdf PDF fulltext]
* (1640): "Theatrum Botanicum: the Theater of Plants", etc. T. Cotes, London.
* (1998): Cha Plu. "In: Encyclopedia of Asian Food". Periplus Editions. [http://www.asiafood.org/glossary_1.cfm?alpha=C&wordid=3252&startno=1&endno=25 HTML fulltext]
* (2006): Safety of ethanolic kava extract: Results of a study of chronic toxicity in rats. "Phytomedicine" 13(8): 542-549. doi|10.1016/j.phymed.2006.01.006 PMID 16904878 (HTML abstract)