- ADM formalism
The ADM Formalism developed by Arnowitt, Deser and Misner is a
Hamiltonian formulation ofgeneral relativity .The formalism supposes that
spacetime is foliated into a family of spacelike surfaces Sigma_t, labeled by their time coordinate t, and with coordinates on each slice given by x^i. The dynamic variables of this theory are taken to be the metric of three dimensional spatial slices gamma_{ij}(t,x^k) and their conjugate momenta pi^{ij}(t,x^k). Using these variables it is possible to define aHamiltonian , and thereby write the equations of motion for general relativity in the form ofHamilton's equation s.In addition to the twelve variables gamma_{ij} and pi^{ij}, there are four
Lagrange multipliers : the lapse function, N, and components of shift vector field, N_i. These describe how each of the "leaves" Sigma_t of the foliation of spacetime are welded together. These variables are nondynamical, and their "equations of motion" are constraint equations that enforce invariance under time reparameterizations and coordinate changes on the spatial slices, respectively.Using the ADM formulation, it is possible to attempt to construct a quantum theory of gravity, in the same way that one constructs the
Schrödinger equation corresponding to a given Hamiltonian inquantum mechanics . That is, replace the canonical momenta pi^{ij}(t,x^k) by functional differential operators:pi^{ij}(t,x^k) o -i frac{delta}{delta gamma_{ij}(t,x^k)}
This leads to the
Wheeler-deWitt equation .ee also
*
ADM energy
*Canonical coordinates
*Canonical gravity
*Hamiltonian mechanics
*Wheeler-deWitt equation
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