Antony Hewish

Infobox Scientist
name = Antony Hewish


image_width = 150px
caption = Antony Hewish
birth_date = May 11, 1924 (age 84)
nationality = United Kingdom
field = Radio astronomy
known_for = Pulsars
religion = Christian
prizes = Nobel Prize for Physics (1974) Eddington Medal of the Royal Astronomical Society in 1969

Antony Hewish (born Fowey, Cornwall, May 11, 1924) is a British radio astronomer who won the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1974 (together with fellow radio-astronomer Martin Ryle) for his work on the development of radio aperture synthesis and its role in the discovery of pulsars. (Jocelyn Bell Burnell, Hewish's graduate student, was not recognized, although she was the first to notice the stellar radio source that was later recognised as a pulsar.) He was also awarded the Eddington Medal of the Royal Astronomical Society in 1969.

His undergraduate degree at Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge was interrupted by war service at the Royal Aircraft Establishment, and at the Telecommunications Research Establishment where he worked with Martin Ryle. Returning to Cambridge in 1946, Hewish completed his degree and immediately joined Ryle's research team at the Cavendish Laboratory, obtaining his Ph.D. in 1952. Hewish made both practical and theoretical advances in the observation and exploitation of the apparent scintillations of radio sources due to their radiation impinging upon plasma.

This led him to propose, and secure funding for, the construction of the Interplanetary Scintillation Array, a large array radio telescope at the Mullard Radio Astronomy Observatory (MRAO), Cambridge in order to conduct a high time-resolution radio survey of interstellar scintillation. In the course of this project, one of his graduate students, Jocelyn Bell, first noticed the radio source which was ultimately recognised as the first pulsar.

The paper announcing the discovery had five authors, Hewish's name being listed first, Bell's second. The Nobel award to Ryle and Hewish without the inclusion of Bell as a co-recipient was controversial, and was roundly condemned by Hewish's fellow astronomer Fred Hoyle. Others,who? however, have noted that the prize was given to Ryle and Hewish for their work across the field of radio-astronomy as a whole, with particular mention of Ryle's work on aperture-synthesis, and Hewish's on pulsars.

Hewish was professor of radio astronomy at the Cavendish Laboratory from 1971 to 1989, and head of the MRAO from 1982 to 1988. He was made a Fellow of the Royal Society in 1968, and he and Martin Ryle were awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1974.

Hewish is a fellow of Churchill College, Cambridge.

Bibliography

*Citation
id = PMID:17798425
url= http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17798425
last=Hewish
first=
publication-date=1975 Jun 13
year=1975
title=Pulsars and High Density Physics.
volume=188
issue=4193
periodical=
pages=1079-1083
doi = 10.1126/science.188.4193.1079

ee also

*Nobel Prize controversies

External links

* [http://www.nobel-winners.com/Physics/antony_hewish.html Antony Hewish] biography
* [http://buzyall.narod.ru/eto/hewish-presentation-speech.html Nobel speech]