Rolando Tinio

Infobox Person
name = Rolando S. Tinio


image_size = 130px
caption = National Artist of the Philippines
birth_date = March 5, 1937
birth_place = Philippines flagicon|Philippines
death_date = July 7, 1997
death_place = Manila, Philippines
education = University of Santo Tomas
occupation = Filipino writer and actor
spouse =
parents =
children = Antonio and Victoria

Rolando Santos Tinio (March 5, 1937 – July 7, 1997) was a Filipino male poet, dramatist, director, actor, critic, essayist and educator. [http://www.asiaweek.com/asiaweek/97/0725/feat5.html Asiaweek Article on Rolando Santos Tinio by Ricardo Saludo,"We Hardly Knew You"] ] [http://www.asiaweek.com/asiaweek/97/1226/ye9.html Rolando S. Tinio Asiaweek Obituary] ] "Philippine Theather", Nicanor G. Tiongson (ed.), CCP Encyclopedia of Philippine Art, Volume VII, 1994] [ [http://movies2.nytimes.com/gst/movies/filmography.html?p_id=71069 Rolando Tinio, Actor, Movies Main Page, New York Times, NYTimes.com, 1989 and 1998] , retrieved on: June 17, 2007]

Biography

Rolando Tinio was the Philippine National Artist for Theater and Literature. He was born in Gagalangin, Tondo, Manila on March 5, 1937. [http://www.imdb.com/name/nm0863979/bio Biography and Trivia on Rolando Tinio from the IMDB Website, date retrieved: 27 May 2007] ] As a child, Tinio was fond of organizing and directing his playmates for costumed celebrations. He was an active participant in the Filipino movie industry and enjoyed working with Philippine celebrities who he himself had admired in his childhood. Tinio himself became a film actor and scriptwriter. He is often described as a religious, well-behaved and gifted person. Tinio graduated with honors (a "magna cum laude" achiever) with a degree in Philosophy from the University of Santo Tomas at age 18 in 1955 and an M.F.A. degree in Creative Writing:Poetry from the State University of Iowa.

In Iowa, Tinio was known as a great writer that used English as the medium of the Filipino writer. He wrote his poetic collection: Rage and Ritual which won an award from the University of the Philippines. Bienvenido Lumbera describes this collection as elegant and with a truly contemporary tone if taken from the European literary critical view. At this point in time, Tinio believed that only English can hone the themes that he wanted to communicate in his works. Once, in a conference, an author delivered his belief in the value of the Tagalog dialect in Creative Writing. In response to this, Tinio published an article in the scholarly journal Philippine Studies, which contained parts of English poems translated into Tagalog. The article’s purpose was to prove the inadequacy of Tagalog as the writer’s medium. (Lumbera)

In the mid-1960’s, however, Tinio decided to try writing in Tagalog and the product of this trial was the collection of poems now called Bagay. Rolando Tinio was the sole inventor of “Taglish” in Philippine poetry. Through this, he gave an authentic tone to the poetry of the native middle-class Filipino. In 1972, Tinio wrote another poetry collection: Sitsit sa Kuliglig and this showed the great contrast between his old and new advocacy. If in Rage and Ritual, portrayals of art and the artist that are not closely associated with the Filipino lifestyle are communicated, Sitsit sa Kuliglig clearly portrays the everyday experiences of a Tondo-grown individual now living in Loyola heights. Heaven and earth; the gap between Tinio’s works in English and those in Tagalog.(Lumbera)

Tinio was also an actor, director, and a set and costume designer. He served all these roles during his stay with the Ateneo Experimental Theater. Tinio chooses the plays, designs the stage, directs, creates the costumes and determines the musical score and other sounds. Productions of the Ateneo Experimental Theater are completely his vision. In his production of Oedipus Rex, he replaced the Greek costumes with modern renditions made primarily of metal pipes supposedly to express the thought of industrial 20th century. (Lumbera)

His work with the Ateneo Experimental Theater expresses the concept of the actor being merely one of the director’s tools in shaping the stage; communicate his vision through all aspects of the production. The last production of Tinio’s “personal” theater company was entitled ?. The production was performed in a classroom rather than an auditorium and Tinio made the actors mingle freely with the audience. There is no real “meaning” in the action and there is no definite storyline. The “meaning” is hidden in the intentional actions of the actors and the unexpected reply of the audience (Lumbera)

He published four seminal books of poems between 1972 and 1993, in which, along with his longtime friend, Bienvenido Lumbera, helped modernize the traditionally sentimental Filipino style. He had also worked on his own projects such as the Ateneo Experimental Theater productions and other serious dramas in Filipino. His contribution to Philippine literature and theater is immense.

Rolando Santos Tinio was directing a musical when he suffered a heart attack in Manila on July 7, 1997. He died on July 8, 1997 at age 60. He was survived by his two children, Antonio and Victoria.

Works

Poetry Collections

*"Sitsit sa Kulilig" (Whistling at Cicadas) or (Shusshing Cicadas) (1972)
*"Dunung-Dunungan" (Pedantry) (1975)
*"Kristal na Uniberso" (Crystal Universe) (1989)
*"Trick of Mirrors" (1993)

Translated Plays

*"Laruang Kristal" (The Glass Menagerie) (1966)
*"Pahimakas sa Isang Ahente" (Death of a Salesman) (1966)
*"Paghihintay Kay Godo" (Waiting for Godot) (1967)
*"Miss Julie" (1967)

Essay Collections

*"A Matter of Language, Where English Fails" (1990)

Newspaper Columns

*"Touchstones" for Metro Manila (1977)
*"Totally Tinio" for Manila Chronicle (1986-1987, 1990)
*"In Black and White" for Philippine Daily Globe (1987-1989)

Achievements

Tinio was known for translating Western classics, which includes the works of Sophocles, Shakespeare, Ibsen, Chekhov, Puccini and Verdi, into Tagalog. He did these translations in order to advance the Filipino language. He was a prolific poet and writer who helped establish the Filipino-language drama in the 1970s. [http://www.abs-cbnnews.com/storypage.aspx?StoryId=57466 Rolando Tinio Gives a Filipino voice to Hamlet, ABS-CBN Interactive, ABS-CBNNews.com, 2006] , retrieved on: June 17, 2007]

He was made a National Artist of the Philippines for Theater and Literature in 1997. [ [http://www.globalpinoy.com/ch/ch_nationalartists_sub.php?name=Rolando%20S.%20Tinio&category=Theater%20and%20Film Cultural Heritage, National Artists: Rolando S. Tinio, GlobalPinoy.com, 2006] , retrieved on: June 17, 2007]

Other achievements

*Ten Outstanding Young Men (1967)
*Patnubay ng Sining at Kalinangan, City government of Manila (1967)
*Gantimpalang Quezon sa Panitikan (1977)
*Gawad CCP Para Sa Sining for Theater (1993)
*Famas Award for 'Sidhi'(1999)

References

Related To

General Manuel Bundoc Tinio, the Tagalog General of the Ilocos.

Footnotes

Bibliography

# [http://www.manilatimes.net/national/2006/nov/27/yehey/life/20061127lif4.html Rolando Tinio Gives a Filipino Voice to Hamlet, Life and Times, ManilaTimes.net, November 27, 2006] , retrieved on: June 17, 2007
# [http://www.ncca.gov.ph/about_cultarts/cultprofile/natarts/theater/tinio.php National Artist: Rolando S. Tinio, Theater and Literature (1997), About Culture and Arts, Culture Profile, National Commission for Culture and the Arts, NCCA.gov, 2002] , retrieved on: June 17,2007]
# [http://www.manilatimes.net/national/2006/dec/04/yehey/life/20061204lif1.html Jorge, Rome. Hamlet Invigorated, Life & Times, ManilaTimes.net, December 4, 2006] , retrieved on: June 21, 2007
# [http://www.manilatimes.net/national/2006/dec/11/yehey/life/20061211lif2.html Cavestany, Mars (ITI-IATC). Mabesa’s ‘Hamlet,’ the quintessence of campus theater, ManilaTimes.net, December 11, 2006] , retrieved on: June 21, 2007
# [http://www.geocities.com/palanca_awards/1975.html Filipino Division, Tula: Special Prizes, Rolando S. Tinio, “12 Tula”, Carlos Palanca Memorial Awards 1975, Geocities.com] , retrieved on: June 21, 2007
# [http://www.geocities.com/palanca_awards/1972.html Filipino Division, Tula: Rolando S. Tinio, “Sitsit sa Kuliglig”, Carlos Palanca Memorial Awards 1972, Geocities.com] , retrieved on: June 21, 2007
#Lumbera, Bienvenido. introduction to May Katwiran Ang Katwiran, Quezon City: University of the Philippines Press, 2001