Eulalia of Mérida

Infobox Saint
name=Saint Eulalia of Mérida
birth_date=ca. AD 290
death_date=ca. AD 304
feast_day=December 10
venerated_in=Roman Catholicism


imagesize=200px
caption="Saint Eulalia", by John William Waterhouse, 1885, Tate collection.
birth_place= Mérida, Spain
death_place=Mérida
titles=Martyr
beatified_date=
beatified_place=
beatified_by=
canonized_date=
canonized_place=
canonized_by=
attributes=cross, stake, and dove
patronage=Mérida, Spain; Oviedo, Spain; runaways; torture victims; widows [ [http://www.catholic-forum.com/saints/sainte06.htm Patron Saints Index] ]
major_shrine=Cathedral of San Salvador
suppressed_date=
issues=
prayer=
prayer_attrib=

Eulalia of Mérida was a Roman Christian child martyred in Emerita in Lusitania (modern Mérida in Spain) during the persecution of Christians in the reign of emperor Diocletian and his co-emperor Maximian. Others place her death at the time of Trajan Decius (AD 249-51).cite book|title=Spain: An Oxford Archaeological Guide|publisher=Oxford University Press|first=Roger|last=Collins|date=March 1, 1998|location=id=ISBN 0192853007|page=199] There is some dispute as to whether Saint Eulalia of Barcelona, whose story is similar, is the same person. [cite book|title=Between exaltation and infamy: Female mystics in the Golden Age of Spain|first=Stephen|last=Haliczer|pages=236|id=ISBN 0195148630|location=Oxford|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=2002]

Eulalia was a devout Christian virgin, aged 12–14, whose mother sequestered her in the countryside in AD 304 because all citizens were required to avow faith in the Roman gods. Eulalia ran away to the law court of the governor Dacian at Emerita, professed herself a Christian, insulted the pagan gods and emperor Maximian, and challenged the authorities to martyr her. The judge's attempts at flattery and bribery failed. According to the Spanish-Roman poet Prudentius of the fifth century, she said:

:"Isis Apollo Venus nihil est,":"Maximianus et ipse nihil:":"illa nihil, quia factu manu;":"hic, manuum quia facta colit"

:(Isis, Apollo and Venus are naught,:Nor is Maximian anything more;:Nothing are they, for by hand they were wrought,:He, for of hands he the work doth adore)

She was then stripped by the soldiers, tortured with hooks and torches, and burnt at the stake, suffocating from smoke inhalation. She taunted her torturers all the while, and as she expired a dove flew out of her mouth. This frightened away the soldiers and allowed a miraculous snow to cover her nakedness, its whiteness indicating her sainthood.

A shrine over her tomb was soon erected. Veneration of Eulalia was already popular with Christians by AD 350; Prudentius' poem increased her famecite book
title = Wondering Monks, Virgins, and Pilgrims: Ascetic Travel in the Mediterranean World, 300-800
first = Maribel
last = Dietz
pages = 258
date = July 30, 2005
location = University Park, PA
publisher = Penn State Press
id = ISBN 0271026774] and relics from her were distributed through Iberia. Bishop Fidelis of Merida rebuilt a basilica in her honour around AD 560. [Dietz, op. cit. pg 171] Her shrine was the most popular in Visigothic Spain. In c. 780 her body was transferred to Oviedo by King Silo. It lies in a coffin of Arab silver donated by Afonso VI in 1075. In 1639, she was made patron saint of Oviedo. [ [http://www4.ayto-oviedo.es/es/laCiudad/esculturas/escultura.php?escultura=60 Sculpture of SANTA EULALIA DE MÉRIDA] from Oviedo.es website es icon] She appears in Martyrs Mirror:http://www.homecomers.org/mirror/martyrs021.htm

ee also

*Sequence of Saint Eulalia – French hagiography from AD 880

References

* Blackburn and Holford-Strevens: "Oxford Book of Days", entry for 10 December

External links

* [http://www.catholic-forum.com/saints/sainte06.htm EULALIA of Merida] from catholicforum
* [http://www.catholic-forum.com/saints/ste06001.htm Butler's Lives of the Saints - Saint Eulalia of Mérida] from catholicforum