Arthur Murphy

For other people named Arthur Murphy, see Arthur Murphy (disambiguation).

A 1777 portrait of Arthur Murphy by Nathaniel Dance

Arthur Murphy (27 December 1727 – 18 June 1805), also known by the pseudonym Charles Ranger, was an Irish writer.

Biography

He was born at Cloonyquin, County Roscommon, Ireland, the son of Richard Murphy and Jane French.

A barrister, journalist, actor, and playwright, he edited Gray Inn Journal between 1752 and 1754. As Henry Thrale's oldest and dearest friend, he introduced Samuel Johnson to the Thrales in January 1765. He was appointed Commissioner of Bankruptcy in 1803. Murphy is best known for three biographies: his 1792 An Essay on the Life and Genius of Samuel Johnson, his 1762 Fielding's Works and his 1801 Life of David Garrick.

Murphy is thought to have coined the legal term "wilful misconstruction" whilst representing the Donaldson v. Becket appeal to the House of Lords in 1774 against the perpetual possession of copyright. He died at Knightsbridge, London, and was buried at Hammersmith, London.

A biography was written in 1811 by Dr. Jesse Foote. Nathaniel Dance painted his portrait which is thought to now be in the Irish National Portrait Collection.

His elder brother used his mother's surname and was known as James Murphy French (1725 - 59). He lived in London with his brother.

Murphy's drama

Title page and scene from 1823 printing of The Citizen, produced in 1761.

An example of Murphy's theatrical writings is The Citizen, a farce, first produced at Drury Lane in 1761. Philpot, a wealthy skinflint, has bargained with Sir Jasper Wilding, a fox hunter, for his son Young Philpot, a buck and wastrel, to marry Maria Wilding, and for his daughter Sally to marry Wilding's son, for settlements and twenty thousand pounds paid to Sir Jasper. Young Philpot has lost a fortune, but borrows money from his father and embarks on an insurance fraud involving shipwrecked goods. Maria plans to marry Beaufort, who loves her. As Young Philpot tries to propose, she convinces him she is half-witted, and he spurns her. In the second act, Philpot senior is visiting Corinna, a lady of loose virtue, but hides under the table when his son calls upon her. He overhears as Young Philpot tells her how he has cajoled the money out of his father. Maria's brother surprises them, and old Philpot is also discovered, to their mutual shame. In the final scene Sir Jasper with a lawyer obtains Philpot's signature to the agreements, but meanwhile Maria, an educated girl, shows her strong character to Young Philpot and he again refuses to propose. Having signed away his rights old Philpot offers to marry her, but the lawyer reveals himself as Beaufort, and explains that he has swapped the deeds, so that Philpot has unwittingly signed his agreement for Maria to marry Beaufort.

Works

Dramas

All dates refer to the play's first production, except where otherwise stated.^[1]

• The Apprentice (1756)
• The Upholsterer (1758)
• The Orphan of China (1759), tragedy (an adaption of L'Orphelin de la Chine (1755) by Voltaire and its source, a translation of Orphan of Zhao)
• The Way to Keep Him (1760), comedy
• The Desert Island (1760), dramatic poem
• The Citizen (1761)
• All in the Wrong (1761), comedy
• The Old Maid (1761)
• No One's Enemy But His Own (1764)
• Three Weeks After Marriage (1764)
• The Choice (1764)
• The School for Guardians (1767)
• Zenobia (1768), tragedy
• The Grecian Daughter (1772), tragedy
• Alzuma (1773), tragedy
• News from Parnassus, A Prelude (1776)
• Know Your Own Mind (1777), comedy
• The Rival Sisters (written 1783), tragedy

Biographies

• Fielding's Works (1762)
• An Essay on the Life and Genius of Samuel Johnson (1792)
• Life of David Garrick (1801)

Notes

1. ^ Titles and dates of first productions taken from "A List of the Several Pieces Contained in This Edition", which appears at the start of volume one of The Works of Arthur Murphy (Murphy 1786).

Sources

• Emery, John Pike. 1946. Arthur Murphy: An Eminent English Dramatist of the Eighteenth Century. University of Pennsylvania Press. ASIN B0006AQYEA.
• Murphy, Arthur. 1786. The Works of Arthur Murphy, Esq. in Seven Volumes. London: Cadell. (Volume One is available to download on Google books.)
• Spector, Robert Donald. 1979. Arthur Murphy. Twain. ISBN 0805767517.

External links

• Life of Arthur Murphy
• Volume One of Murphy's works, available to download on Google books

Persondata
Name	Murphy, Arthur
Alternative names
Short description
Date of birth	December 27, 1727
Place of birth
Date of death	June 18, 1805
Place of death