Hambo

The hambo is a traditional dance that originated in Sweden in the late 1800s and early 1900s. It is a couple dance in ¾ time, danced to music played with a strong accent on the first beat and a tempo that varies from moderate to fast (100 to 120 beats per minute). The hambo is a dance with a fixed pattern and tunes almost always have a corresponding eight measure structure.

In Sweden the hambo is in the gammaldans (old-time dance) tradition that, despite the name, arose fairly recently around the turn of the last century. The dance is also danced in North America in the social clubs formed by immigrant Swedes and during breaks at contradance venues.

History

One of the potential origins of hambo [ [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6R6Re6NfQ5U Kulingarna: Hambo nr 1] ] is the polka-mazurka [ [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=buBQFz3owUI Polka Mazurka - Tańczy Zespół Regionalny Kowalnia www.kowalniafolklor.za.pl...Kowalnia Stróże Folklor] ] , a dance with many turns that was popular in Europe during the second half of the 19th century. The term polska-mazurka can also be found in notebooks from the beginning of the 20th century used by Swedish farmer folk-musicians. Mazurka is however today in northern Europe the name of a different dance than hambo, mazurka is played faster [ [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sXw_ozZoWvQ "Violinetta" - Eric Öst] ] with a fast and short jump on the third beat.

One of the turns in the dance was developed in about 1900 to a free-standing dance and was danced using older polska music, for example slängpolska, or other variants of polska [ [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8vtif3WIcG0&feature=related "Polska efter Olles Jonke" - Ulf Störling, Gunnar Östergåds] ] , but with stronger emphasis on the first beat. In the early 20th century, an easier variant of hambo existed with a short forward step per beat for the first two measures before the turns began. The variants of hambo that are danced today, with so-called "dalsteg" (dal step) on the first two measures, was probably spread in the 1910s and 1920s.

Another potential origin is "hambo-polska" [ [http://www.videos.dancilla.com/m/v/se/arge/dal/001/Clip93.wmv Hambopolska från Södra Dalarna] ] . From about the middle of the 19th century until the beginning of the 20th centory hambo-polska [ [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MYlnNawDeag Hambopolska e Katrina Lundstedt on F Gessner and a Ludwig, on old accordions, can bee the style of year 1900] ] was a very popular dance in parts of Sweden. Printed music exist for maybe a thousand hambo-polskor from this period. The title in printed music can however often be just polska. Hambo-polska, the dance and the music, is a mix between an older polska and newer dance like hambo without "dalsteg" and no particular stress on the first beat. Music is mostly in major. One theory is that the younger men who worked in the bigger town adopted their steps to new trends in the towns or did not learn the older dance but the younger women who still worked in the old villages kept the steps from an older polska.

The very common use of accordion as the dominant instrument for dancing music 1910 - 1957 was probably one of the reasons for more stress on the first beat in hambo.

Hambo Turn

Man's Part

Woman's Part

Variations

The common modern variant of Hambo has a pattern of steps, repeated for each eight bars of music. The first two 3-beat measures are the dalsteg. On measure one, the couple holds inside hands (man's right, woman's left), step forward on their outside feet (man's left, woman's right), swing their inside foot slightly forward and out, and create a slight lift by raising the heel of the stationary outstide foot. The second measure is a repeat but with opposite feet and the diagnonal swing forward and inward. The third is a transition with both taking three steps forward (man left, right, left; woman right, left, right). The next four measures are hambo turns as described above while the eighth and final measure has three steps forward (man right, left, right; woman left, right, left), leaving outside feet ready to start the pattern over.

During the late 1800s and early 1900s, when the hambo was introduced, the eight bar pattern with the slower dalsteg and faster turns was carried back to the Swedish country villages where it influenced and in turn was influenced by the pre-existing, older polska dances. Consequently, scores of variations were created, some of which are still known and danced today thanks to the research of folklorists. Apart from such historical versions, differences exist in versions danced widely today--for example, the version danced in the Swedish Hälsingehambo competition tends to be slow and elegant with a relatively strong svikt (dip and lift) while that danced in American contradance venues is much faster with little svikt.

Competition

Sweden hosts an annual hambo world championship, called Hälsingehambon.

Other music styles & dances in Swedish traditional folk

*polska
*slängpolska
*snoa
*schottis
*waltz
*polkett
*gånglåt
*wedding march

External links

* [http://www.freewheelers.org/1DancingFool/hambo.htm How to dance the hambo]
* [http://www.phantomranch.net/folkdanc/dances/hambopol.htm Further hambo information]

Notes