Witten

Infobox German Location
image_photo = Rathaus-Witten-IMG 3580.jpg
imagesize = 250px
image_caption = Town hall in Witten
Art = Stadt
Name = Witten
Wappen = Wappen von Witten.pnglat_deg = 51 |lat_min = 26 |lat_sec = 0
lon_deg = 7 |lon_min = 20 |lon_sec = 0
Lageplan =
Bundesland = Nordrhein-Westfalen
Regierungsbezirk = Arnsberg
Kreis = Ennepe-Ruhr-Kreis
Höhe = 104
Fläche = 72.40
Einwohner = 99976
Stand = 2006-08-31
PLZ = 58401 - 58456
Vorwahl = 02302
02324 (Buchholz)
Kfz = EN
Gemeindeschlüssel = 05 9 54 036
Stadtgliederung = 8 districts
Adresse = Marktstr. 16
58449 Witten
Website = [http://www.witten.de/ witten.de]
Bürgermeistertitel= Bürgermeisterin
Bürgermeister = Sonja Leidemann
Partei = SPD

Witten is a university city in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. It is the home of the Witten/Herdecke University, the first private university in Germany.

Geography

Witten is situated in the in the Ruhr valley, in the southern Ruhr area.

Bordering municipalities

* Bochum
* Dortmund
* Herdecke
* Wetter (Ruhr)
* Sprockhoevel
* Hattingen

Division of the town

Witten is divided into 8 boroughs and every of these boroughs is divided into city-districts. Every district has it own district-number:
* Witten-Mitte: 11 Innenstadt, 12 Oberdorf-Helenenberg, 13 Industriegebiet-West, 14 Krone, 15 Crengeldanz, 16 Hauptfriedhof, 17 Stadion, 18 Industriegebiet-Nord, 19 Hohenstein
* Dueren: 21 Dueren-Nord, 22 Dueren-Sued
* Stockum: 31 Stockum-Mitte, 32 Dorney, 33 Stockumer Bruch, 34 Wilhelmshoehe
* Annen: 41 Tiefendorf, 42 Wullen, 43 Annen-Mitte-Nord, 44 Annen-Mitte-Sued, 45 Kohlensiepen, 46 Wartenberg, 47 Gedern
* Ruedinghausen: 51 Industriegebiet-Ost, 52 Ruedinghausen-Mitte, 53 Buchholz, 54 Schnee
* Bommern: 61 Steinhausen, 62 Bommerbank, 63 Bommerfeld, 64 Wettberg, 65 Buschey, 66 Bommeregge
* Heven: 71 Papenholz, 72 Hellweg, 73 Wannen, 74 Heven-Dorf, 75 Lake
* Herbede: 81 Herbede-Ort, 82 Vormholz, 83 Bommerholz-Muttental, 84 Durchholz, 85 Buchholz-Kaempen

Religions

Roman Catholic

When Witten was first mentioned in historical documents, it was part of the Archdiocese of Cologne. Since 1821 it is a part of the Diocese of Paderborn; however, the borough of Herbede belongs to the Diocese of Essen. In the 19th century the Ruhr area drew up to 500,000 Poles from East Prussia and Silesia, most of whom were Catholic. Hundreds settled in Witten,leading to a growth in the Catholic community. Today, between 30 and 40 percent of the population is Catholic.

Protestant

In 1582 Witten became a part of Martin Luther's Reformation, and until the late 19th century, Witten was a predominantly Protestant town with just a few catholic inhabitants. Between 30 and 40 percent of the population is Protestant today.

Muslims

There are four mosques in Witten, Annen and Herbede today, founded by immigrants from Turkey who arrived in the 1970s and 1980s. Between five and eight percent of the population is Muslim.

Jews

In 1815 the first Jewish community was mentioned in Witten. In 1938 the synagogue was destroyed during the so-called "Reichspogromnacht" (also known as "Kristallnacht") of 9-10 November 1938. Today, only about a dozen Jews live in Witten. They belong to the Jewish community in Bochum.

Since 1985 the place of the former synagogue is shown by a memorial for the victims of the holocaust.

Population 1739 - 2005

valign = "top"

History

It was first mentioned in historic sources in 1214, however the borough Herbede (which was incorporated into the city in 1975) even dates back to 851. The city was a mining town from 1578. In 1975 Witten was included in the administrative district "Ennepe-Ruhr-Kreis" and it is now its biggest city. 1975 was also the year Witten was first counted to have more than 100,000 inhabitants, the threshold to be considered a large city ("Großstadt") in Germany.

Roburit Explosion

In the late 19th century Witten was known for the Roburit dynamite. This dynamite was once used by coal mines around the world. In 1906 a tragedy happened, when an explosion destroyed the factory. 41 men died.

Politics

The Council of Witten

64 councillors form the council of Witten. In the local elections of 2004 the German Labour Party, SPD, gained 24 councillors in the borough and form the largest party represented on the council, followed by the Christian Democratic Party, CDU with 18 and the Greens with 7. They are followed by the WBG (a conservative list) with 4, FDP 4, FLW (also a conservative list) 3, NPD 2, PDS/WAL (socialists) 1 and AUF Witten (a left wing list) also 1. Since 2004 for the first time in its history the council is led by a female mayor: Sonja Leidemann, SPD.

Members of Parliament

Landtag

* 2005 - today: Thomas Stotko, MdL (SPD)

German Bundestag

*1998 - today: Dr. Ralf Brauksiepe, MdB (CDU)
*1998 - today: Christel Humme, MdB (SPD)
*2005 - today: Irmingard Schewe-Gerigk, (B´ 90/Die Grünen)
*2005 - today: Konrad Schily, (FDP)

Transport

Witten is connected to the Autobahn network by the A 43 and A 44 motorways. It has a central station, connecting the city to the regional-train-network of Deutsche Bahn.Local service is carried out by the BOGESTRA, a joint venture between the cities of Bochum and Gelsenkirchen, to which most of the bus lines in Witten belong. There is a tram line connecting to Bochum. Public transport in the city is carried out according to the fare system of the VRR transport association.

Coat of arms

The coat of arms of Witten with its two lions once belong to the Everhards von Witten-Steinhausen and was first mentioned in 1283. The family of Witten-Steinhausen belongs to the founders of the town of Witten. Their slogan was: "Sigillum Hermanni de Wittene". Because of its long history this Coat of arms was the only one in the Ruhr area, that was not forbidden by the Allies in May 1945, after the End of the Second World War.

Twin towns

* - Beauvais (France), since 1975
* - London Borough of Barking and Dagenham, (United Kingdom), since 1979
* - Mallnitz (Carinthia, Austria), since 1979
* - district Lev HaSharon (Israel), since 1979
* - Wolfen (Saxony-Anhalt, Germany), since 1990
* - Kursk (Russia), since 1990
* - Tczew (Poland), since 1990
* - San Carlos (Nicaragua), since 1990 (friendship contract)

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