Hydreliox

Hydreliox is an exotic breathing gas mixture of helium, oxygen and a small amount of hydrogen. [cite journal |last=Fife |first=W. P. |title=The use of Non-Explosive mixtures of hydrogen and oxygen for diving |volume=TAMU-SG-79-201 |journal=Texas A&M University Sea Grant |date=1979 ] [cite journal |last=Rostain |first=J. C. |coauthors=M. C. Gardette-Chauffour; C. Lemaire; R. Naquet. |title=Effects of a H2-He-O2 mixture on the HPNS up to 450 msw. |journal=Undersea Biomed. Res. |volume=15 |issue=4 |pages=257–70 |date=1988 |issn=0093-5387 |oclc=2068005 |pmid=3212843 |url=http://archive.rubicon-foundation.org/2487 |accessdate=2008-06-24 ]

It is used primarily for research and scientific deep diving, usually below 130 metres (427 feet). Below this depth, extended breathing of heliox gas mixtures may cause high pressure nervous syndrome (HPNS). [cite journal |last=Hunger Jr |first=W. L. |coauthors=P. B. Bennett. |title=The causes, mechanisms and prevention of the high pressure nervous syndrome |journal=Undersea Biomed. Res. |volume=1 |issue=1 |pages=1–28 |date=1974 |issn=0093-5387 |oclc=2068005 |pmid=4619860 |url=http://archive.rubicon-foundation.org/2661 |accessdate=2008-06-24 ] Two gas mixtures exist that attempt to combat this problem: trimix and hydreliox. Like trimix, hydreliox contains helium and oxygen and a third gas to prevent HPNS. The third gas in trimix is nitrogen. Because hydrogen is the lightest element, it is easier to breathe than nitrogen under high pressure.

Hydreliox has been tested to depths in excess of 500 metres (1640 feet) by COMEX S.A., a French diving company. Unfortunately, although it was initially believed that breathing hydreliox would prevent the sort of symptoms seen in nitrogen narcosis, the COMEX tests showed that 'hydrogen narcosis' became a factor at depths deeper than 300 metres.

ee also

*Argox (scuba)
*Enriched Air Nitrox
*Heliox
*Hydrox
*Trimix

References