- Archelaus of Cappadocia
Archelaus IV (in Greek ο Αρχέλαος, flourished 1st century BC & 1st century, died 17) was the last King of
Cappadocia . He was the great-grandson of Archelaus, a general in the First andThird Mithridatic War s.In 36 BC, Archelaus was made king by triumvir
Mark Antony , whom, however, he deserted after theBattle of Actium . Archelaus had succeeded King Ariarathes X.Roman Emperor Augustus enlarged his kingdom by the addition of parts ofCilicia and Lesser Armenia. He was not popular with his subjects, who even brought an accusation against him inRome on which occasion he was defended by Roman EmperorTiberius .Archelaus from his first marriage (his wife is unknown) had two children: a son of the same name and a daughter named
Glaphyra . Through his daughter, he would be the maternal grandfather of her sons Alexander and Tigranes and the great grandfather of Julius Tigranes, who would be King ofArmenia under theRoman Emperor Nero . After 8 BC, Archelaus had married QueenPythodorida of Pontus and became a step-father to her three children from her first marriage. Pythodorida remained married to Archelaus until he died and they had no children. Pythodorida then later returned to Pontus with her family.Subsequently he was accused by Tiberius, when emperor, of endeavouring to stir up a revolution, and died in confinement in Rome. Cappadocia was then made a
Roman province . Archelaus was said to have been the author of a geographical work, and to have written treatises "On Stones" and "Rivers".References
*
Cassius Dio , xlix. 32-51
*Strabo , xii. p. 540
*Suetonius , "Tiberius", 37, "Caligula", 1
*Tacitus , "Ann." ii. 42
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