- Jarque-Bera test
In
statistics , the Jarque-Bera test is agoodness-of-fit measure of departure from normality, based on the samplekurtosis andskewness . Thetest statistic "JB" is defined as:
where "n" is the number of observations (or degrees of freedom in general); "S" is the sample
skewness , "K" is the samplekurtosis , defined as:
:
where μ3 and μ4 are the third and fourth
central moment s, respectively, is the samplemean , and σ2 is the second central moment, thevariance . Therefore, this can be considered as a sort ofportmanteau test, since the four lowest moments about the origin are used jointly for its calculation.The statistic "JB" has an asymptotic
chi-square distribution with two degrees of freedom and can be used to test thenull hypothesis that the data are from anormal distribution . The null hypothesis is a joint hypothesis of the skewness being zero and theexcess kurtosis being 0, since samples from a normal distribution have an expected skewness of 0 and an expected excess kurtosis of 0 (which is the same as a kurtosis of 3). As the definition of "JB" shows, any deviation from this increases the JB statistic.References
*cite journal
first = Carlos M.
last = Jarque
authorlink =
coauthors = Anil K. Bera
year = 1980
month =
title = Efficient tests for normality, homoscedasticity and serial independence of regression residuals
journal = Economics Letters
volume = 6
issue = 3
pages = 255–259
doi = 10.1016/0165-1765(80)90024-5
url =
*cite journal
first = Carlos M.
last = Jarque
authorlink =
coauthors = Anil K. Bera
year = 1981
month =
title = Efficient tests for normality, homoscedasticity and serial independence of regression residuals: Monte Carlo evidence
journal = Economics Letters
volume = 7
issue = 4
pages = 313–318
doi = 10.1016/0165-1765(81)90035-5
url =
*cite book
first =
last = Judge
authorlink =
coauthors = et al.
year = 1988
title = Introduction and the Theory and Practice of Econometrics
edition = 3rd edn.
pages = 890–892Implementations
* [http://www.alglib.net/statistics/hypothesistesting/jarqueberatest.php ALGLIB] includes implementation of the Jarque-Bera test in C++, C#, Delphi, Visual Basic, etc.
* R includes an implementation of the Jarque-Bera test, the function "jarque.bera.test" in library "tseries".
* MATLAB includes implementation of the Jarque-Bera test, the function "jbtest".
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