Palatoglossus muscle

Infobox Muscle
Name = PAGENAME
Latin = musculus palatoglossus
GraySubject = 243
GrayPage = 1139

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Caption = Dissection of the muscles of the palate from behind.
Origin = palatine aponeurosis
Insertion = tongue
Blood =
Nerve = vagus nerve and cranial accessory nerve (CN XI)
Action = raising the back part of the tongue
Antagonist =
DorlandsPre = m_22
DorlandsSuf = 12550045
The palatoglossus, glossopalatinus, or palatoglossal muscle is a small fleshy fasciculus, narrower in the middle than at either end, forming, with the mucous membrane covering its surface, the glossopalatine arch.

It arises from the anterior surface of the soft palate, where it is continuous with the muscle of the opposite side, and passing downward, forward, and lateralward in front of the palatine tonsil, is inserted into the side of the tongue, some of its fibers spreading over the dorsum, and others passing deeply into the substance of the organ to intermingle with the Transversus linguæ.

Action

Elevates posterior tongue, closes the oropharyngeal isthmus, and aids initiation of swallowing.

Innervation

The palatoglossus is the only muscle of the tongue that is "not" innervated by the hypoglossal nerve (CN XII).

Some sources state that the palatoglossus is innervated by the accessory nerve (CN XI) that is hitchhiking on the vagus nerve (CN X) via the pharyngeal plexus.Fact|date=March 2008

Other sources state that the palatoglossus is not innervated by XI hitchhiking on X, but rather it is innervated by X via the pharyngeal plexus formed from IX and X. [Chapter 8 Head and Neck. In: Drake RL, Vogl W, Mitchell AWM, editors. Grey's Anatomy for Students. London: Elsevier; 2005. p991]

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References