List of Justices of the Supreme Court of the United States by seat
- List of Justices of the Supreme Court of the United States by seat
In order to become a Justice on the Supreme Court of the United States, an individual must be nominated by the President of the United States and approved by the U.S. Senate, with at least half of that body approving in the affirmative. Generally, a justice's qualifications are judged by the President and, most visibly, by a Senate hearing. There is no definitive qualification of age or experience that is a standard to be met; instead, there is a much more subjective process taken by the Senate, occasionally resulting in a sometimes controversial defeat of judicial nominees.__NOTOC__
Seats
There have been a total of eleven seats: one Chief Justiceship and ten Associate Justiceships. Two of the Associate Justiceships were abolished, leaving the nine-seat Court of today.
The Associate Justiceships are numbered in order of their creation. If seats were established simultaneously, they are numbered in the order in which they were filled.
The Judicial Circuits Act of July 23, 1866 [14 "Stat." 209] provided that each Associate Justiceship would be abolished as it became vacant until only six Associate Justiceships would remain. Since there were nine Associate Justiceships when the Act was passed, three were to be abolished:
* Seat 7 was vacant when the Judicial Circuits Act passed, and hence was abolished on July 23, 1866. John Catron was both the first and last occupant of this seat.
* Seat 5 was abolished upon the death of James Moore Wayne on July 5, 1867.
* The Circuit Judges Act of 1869 [see 16 "Stat." 44] superseded the Judicial Circuits Act before a third seat could be abolished.
See also
* List of Justices of the Supreme Court of the United States
* List of Justices of the Supreme Court of the United States by court composition
* List of Justices of the Supreme Court of the United States by time in office
References
* cite web
url=http://www.fjc.gov/servlet/tGetCourt?cid=0&order=c
title=Judges of the United States Courts
work=Official website of the Federal Judicial Center
accessdate=November 21
accessyear=2004
** source for seat information
* cite web
url=http://www.supremecourtus.gov/about/members.pdf
title=Members of the Supreme Court from the Supreme Court of the United States
work=Official website of the Supreme Court of the United States
accessdate=May 29
accessyear=2005
** PDF (28 kB)
** source for term of active service
External links
* [http://supct.law.cornell.edu/supct/cases/judges.htm Decisions and biography by Justice]
* [http://oyez.itcs.northwestern.edu/oyez/frontpage Thorough Supreme Court site by Northwestern University]
* [http://www.michaelariens.com/ConLaw/justices/list.htm Biographies of Supreme Court Justices at michaelariens.com]
* [http://www.supremecourthistory.org/ The Supreme Court Historical Society]
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