Thermidor

Thermidor

Thermidor was the eleventh month in the French Republican Calendar. The month was named after the French word "thermal" which comes from the Greek word "Thermos" which means "heat".

Thermidor was the second month of the summer quarter ("mois d'été"). It started July 19 or July 20. It ended August 17 or August 18. It follows the Messidor and precedes the Fructidor. During Year 2, it was sometimes called Fervidor.

Thermidor in Revolution

The Thermidorian Reaction, Revolution of Thermidor, or simply Thermidor refers to the coup of 9 Thermidor (27 July, 1794) in which Maximilien Robespierre was guillotined and the Reign of Terror ended.

Consequently, for historians of revolutionary movements, the term "Thermidor" has come to mean the phase in some revolutions when the political pendulum swings back towards something resembling a pre-revolutionary state, and power slips from the hands of the original revolutionary leadership. Leon Trotsky, in his book "The Revolution Betrayed", refers to the rise of Stalin and the accompanying post-revolutionary bureaucracy as the "Soviet Thermidor".

Thermidor in Culture

The food Lobster Thermidor was named, directly or indirectly, after the month. (Sometimes it is said that it was first prepared for Napoleon during the month of Thermidor; others say that it was created by Tony Girod at the "Café de Paris" to celebrate the opening of a play called "Thermidor".)

Lobster Thermidor was one of the last meals served on the RMS "Titanic". It was also a menu option presented in the Monty Python skit "Spam".

Thermidor is also the name of a story revolving around the end of the French Revolution in Neil Gaiman's "The Sandman", issue #29.

"Thermidor" and "Thermidor 2" were robots on Robot Wars.

The Thermidors are a band from Buffalo, New York.

Day Name Table

Like all FRC months, Thermidor lasted 30 days and was divided into three 10-day weeks called "décades" (decades). Every day had the name of an agricultural plant, except the 5th (Quintidi) and 10th day (Decadi) of every decade, which had the name of a domestic animal (Quintidi) or an agricultural tool (Decadi).

-|

External links

* [http://www.textesrares.com/revol/revo0ca4.jpgSummer Quarter of Year II (facsimile)]


Wikimedia Foundation. 2010.

Игры ⚽ Поможем написать реферат

Look at other dictionaries:

  • thermidor — [ tɛrmidɔr ] n. m. • 1793; du gr. thermon « chaleur estivale » et dôron « présent », le i d apr. fructidor ♦ Onzième mois du calendrier républicain (19 juillet 18 août). Hist. Le 9 thermidor (an II; 27 juillet 1794) et ellipt thermidor : journée… …   Encyclopédie Universelle

  • Thermidor —   [ dɔːr; französisch, eigentlich »Hitzemonat«] der, (s)/ s, der 11. Monat im französischen Revolutionskalender (Kalender), vom 19. oder 20. Juli bis zum 17. oder 18. August. Am 9. Thermidor des Jahres II (27. 7. 1794 wurde M. de Robespierre… …   Universal-Lexikon

  • Thermidor an II — (journées des 9 et 10) (27 et 28 juillet 1794) pendant la Révolution française, journées qui virent la chute de Robespierre et de ses partisans. Les adversaires de Robespierre, les uns opposés à la Grande Terreur, les autres (Tallien, Barras,… …   Encyclopédie Universelle

  • Thermidor — Ther mi dor , n. [F., fr. Gr. ? warm, hot.] The eleventh month of the French republican calendar, commencing July 19, and ending August 17. See the Note under {Vend[ e]miaire}. [1913 Webster] …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • Thermidor — (fr.), der Hitzmonat, der 11. Monat des französischen republikanischen Kalenders; er begann mit dem 19. Juli u. endigte mit dem 17. August. Historisch berühmt ist namentlich der 9. T. des republikanischen Jahres II. (27. Juli 1794), an welchem… …   Pierer's Universal-Lexikon

  • Thermĭdor — (auch Fervidor, franz., »Hitzemonat«), der elfte Monat im französischen Revolutionskalender; vgl. Kalender, S. 458. Bekannt ist der 9. T. des Jahres II (27. Juli 1794), an dem Robespierre gestürzt ward, dessen Gegner sich deshalb Thermidoristen… …   Meyers Großes Konversations-Lexikon

  • Thermidor — Thermĭdōr (frz., »Hitzemonat«), der 11. Monat des franz. Revolutionskalenders (19. Juli bis 17. Aug.). Denkwürdig ist der 9. T. des Jahres II (27. Juli 1794) durch Robespierres Sturz; die Sieger in dem dabei entstandenen Kampfe wurden… …   Kleines Konversations-Lexikon

  • Thermidor — Thermidor, im Kalender der franz. Republik der 11. Monat, vom 19. Juli bis 18. August; am 9. T. des Jahrs II (27. Juli 1794) Sturz Robespierres …   Herders Conversations-Lexikon

  • thermidor — DEFINICIJA v. termidor …   Hrvatski jezični portal

  • Thermidor — [thʉr′mə dôr΄; ] Fr [ ter mē dō̂r′] n. [Fr, the eleventh month (Jul 19 Aug 17) of the French Revolutionary calendar < Gr thermē, heat (see WARM) + dōron, gift] [also t ] 1. the period in the French Revolution, beginning with the downfall of… …   English World dictionary

Share the article and excerpts

Direct link
… Do a right-click on the link above
and select “Copy Link”