Ryan's Daughter

Infobox Film
name = Ryan's Daughter


caption =film poster by Howard Terpning| director = David Lean
producer = Anthony Havelock-Allan
writer = Robert Bolt
starring = Robert Mitchum
Sarah Miles
John Mills
Christopher Jones
Leo McKern
music = Maurice Jarre
cinematography = Freddie Young
editing = Norman Savage
distributor = MGM Pictures
released = 9 November, 1970 (premiere)
runtime = 195 min.
language = English
budget = $15,000,000
imdb_id = 0066319
|

"Ryan's Daughter" is David Lean's 1970 film which tells the story of an Irish girl who has an affair with a British soldier during World War I, despite opposition from her nationalist neighbours. The film is a very loose adaptation of Gustave Flaubert's novel "Madame Bovary".

The film stars Robert Mitchum, Sarah Miles, John Mills, Christopher Jones, Trevor Howard and Leo McKern, with a score by Maurice Jarre. It was photographed in Super Panavision 70 by Freddie Young.

Plot

The film takes place in the isolated village of Kinnery on the Dingle Peninsula in Ireland during World War I. The villagers are nationalist and exclusionary, taunting the village idiot Michael (John Mills) and British soldiers from a nearby army base. They are resentful of Rosy Ryan (Sarah Miles), the spoilt daughter of the local publican Tom Ryan (Leo McKern), who himself is an informer for the British hoping to keep the peace in the village.

Rosy is bored with her complacent life and fantasizes about the outside world - much to the chagrin of the local priest, Father Hugh Collins (Trevor Howard). Rosy falls in love with the local schoolmaster, Charles Shaughnessy (Robert Mitchum), who has come back from a trip to Dublin. She imagines that Shaughnessy will be able to add excitement to her life, but Shaughnessy tries to convince her otherwise. The two ultimately marry, but Rosy quickly becomes discontented with her marriage, though she doesn't understand why.

Later on, Major Randolph Doryan (Christopher Jones) arrives to take command of the local Army base. A veteran of World War I, he was awarded a Victoria Cross, but suffers from a crippled leg and from shell shock. He meets Rosy in the pub, and Rosy is instantly attracted to him. Michael is also present and absent-mindedly bangs his leg on the wall, causing Doryan to have a flashback to the trenches and collapse in a nervous breakdown. When he recovers, he is comforted by Rosy and the two engage in passionate kissing until they are interrupted by the arrival of Ryan and the townspeople. The next day, the two meet in a forest and have a lengthy liaison.

Charles becomes suspicious of Rosy, but keeps his suspicions to himself. While on a trip to the beach with his students he finds footprints from Rosy and Doryan and tracks them to a cave; later he finds a conch shell in Rosy's dresser, but refuses to confront her about it. However, Michael has also seen the two lovers, and having improvised a British officer's uniform he is able to inform the townspeople of the affair. The townspeople instantly turn on Rosy, deriding her as a "British officer's whore".

One night, in the midst of a fierce storm, IRB leader Tim O'Leary (Barry Foster) - who murdered a police constable earlier in the film - and a small gang of comrades arrive in Ryan's pub and strong-arm Ryan into helping them recover a shipment of German arms from the storm. Ryan tips off the British, but takes part in the recovery of the weapons; soon the entire town arrives at the beach to help. However, O'Leary and his followers are stopped by Major Doryan and his men on the road and arrested. O'Leary is shot by Doryan & wounded during an escape attempt, but Doryan has another flashback and collapses, unable to fire a second and fatal shot. O'Leary is captured, but not before telling Doryan to "Get out of my country!"

Charles tells Rosy that he is aware of her infidelity but is willing to allow it to "burn out". However, that night, Charles watches Rosy return to Doryan, and the next morning wanders off along the beach in his nightclothes, until he is found by Father Collins and persuaded to return. Though Rosy declares her affair with Doryan over, Charles decides to leave Rosy. Then, however, a mob of townspeople arrives, accusing Rosy of having informed the British of the arms shipment, stripping her and shearing off her hair until Father Collins arrives to break them up.

Meanwhile, Doryan is taking a walk along the beach when he comes across Michael, who takes Doryan for his friend. Michael leads Doryan to a cache of arms – including dynamite – that was not recovered, and after Michael runs off, Doryan commits suicide by detonating the explosives.

The next day, Rosy and Charles leave town (with a little help from Father Collins and Michael), being taunted by the villagers as they go. When the bus to Dublin arrives, Rosy says good-bye to Michael and kisses him on the cheek; feeling touched, a tear rolls down Michael's cheek. Father Collins tries to convince the two not to end their marriage, and as they get on the bus to Dublin their future together is ambiguous. The film ends with Father Collins and Michael heading back to town.

Critical reception

Upon its initial release, the film received a very hostile reception from the critical community, who felt that the characters were "dwarfed by [Lean's] excessive scale". [http://rogerebert.suntimes.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/19701220/REVIEWS/12200301/1023] Many attribute the bad reviews to critics' expectations being too high as Lean had directed three epic blockbusters in a row before "Ryan's Daughter". The bad reaction to this film is what many say caused Lean not to make another film for more than ten years. (Others dispute this, citing the fact that Lean tried but was unable to get several projects off the ground, most notably "The Bounty".) The film was moderately successful worldwide at the box office, although it was one of the most successful films of 1970 in Britain and ran at a West End theater for almost two years straight.

The film has also been criticised for its perceived depiction of the Irish proletariat as uncivilised compared with the occupying British forces and the Catholic church. Moreover some have criticised the film as an attempt to blacken the legacy of the 1916 Easter Rising and the subsequent Irish War of Independence in relation to the eruption of "the Troubles" in Northern Ireland at the time of the film's release.

Since the film's recent release on DVD, "Ryan's Daughter" has been re-considered by many critics, and has been claimed by many to be an overlooked masterpiece, countering many of the criticisms (such as its alleged "excessive scale") in the process. Other elements, such as John Mills' caricature 'village idiot' (ironically an Oscar-winning performance) have withstood the test of time less well. [http://www.dvdtalk.com/dvdsavant/s1890ryan.html] [http://www.screenonline.org.uk/people/id/463681/index.html] . The film is still not as widely accepted as Lean's other epics, and its critical reputation remains mixed at best.

Primary Cast

*Sarah Miles as Rosy Ryan
*Robert Mitchum as Charles Shaughnessy
*Trevor Howard as Father Hugh Collins
*John Mills as Michael
*Christopher Jones as Major Randolph Doryan
*Leo McKern as Tom Ryan
*Barry Foster as Tim O'Leary
*Gerald Sim as Captain Smith
*Evin Crowley as Maureen Cassidy
*Marie Kean as Mrs. McCardle
*Arthur O'Sullivan as Joe McCardle
*Brian O'Higgins as Constable O'Connor

Awards

Academy Awards

*Best Actor in a Supporting Role (John Mills)
*Best Cinematography (Freddie Young)

Also Nominated for
*Best Actress in a Leading Role (Sarah Miles)
*Best Sound

Trivia

* John Mills played a mute in the film. For his Oscar acceptance speech, he bowed without saying a word, making this the shortest acceptance speech on record.

*"Ryan's Daughter" was the last feature film photographed entirely in the 65 mm widescreen format until "Far and Away" (1992).

* This was the last film to be shot in Super Panavision until Ron Howard's "Far and Away" (1992), which was shot largely at the same locations.

* Alec Guinness turned down the role of Father Collins: it had been written with him in mind, but Guinness, as a staunch Roman Catholic, objected to what he felt was an inaccurate portrayal of a Catholic priest. His conflicts with Lean while making "Doctor Zhivago" also contributed.

* Paul Scofield was Lean's first choice for the part of Shaughnessy, but he was unable to escape a theater commitment. George C. Scott, Anthony Hopkins and Patrick McGoohan were considered but were not approached, and Gregory Peck lobbied for the role but gave up after Robert Mitchum was approached.

* The role of Major Doryan was written for Marlon Brando. Brando accepted, but problems with the production of "Burn!" forced him to drop out. Peter O'Toole, Richard Harris and Richard Burton were also considered. Lean then saw Christopher Jones in "The Looking Glass War" (1969) and decided he had to have Jones for the part. However, Lean was dissatisfied with Jones's performance, and he had to be dubbed by Julian Hollaway.

* Lean had to wait a year before a suitably dramatic storm appeared. The image was kept clear by a glass disk spinning in front of the lens.

* Leo McKern was injured and badly shaken up while filming the storm sequence, nearly drowning; he also lost his glass eye. He also disliked the amount of time spent working on the project, and afterwards claimed he would never act again (indeed, he did not act in films or television for several years). His comment on the experience was: "I don't like to be paid £500 a week for sitting down and playing Scrabble." [http://www.imdb.com/name/nm0571674/bio]

* Owing to bad weather, many of the beach scenes were actually filmed in South Africa.

* Reportedly, Robert Mitchum became dissatisfied with working on the film and threatened suicide in an attempt to get out of his contract. Upon hearing of this, Robert Bolt said to him: "Well, if you just finish working on this wretched little film and then do yourself in, I'd be happy to stand the expenses of your burial." Mitchum clashed with Lean and famously said that "Working with David Lean is like constructing the Taj Mahal out of toothpicks." Despite this, Mitchum confided to friends and family that he felt "Ryan's Daughter" was among his best roles and he always regretted the negative response the film received.

* The village in the film was built by the production company from stone so that it could withstand the storms. Villagers from the town of Dunquin were hired as extras. The area was at the time economically destitute, but the amount of money spent in the town - nearly a million pounds - revived the local economy and led to increased immigration to the Dingle Peninsula.

*Gerald Sim's character was virtually a bit part in the script, but due to difficulties with Christopher Jones, his scene was re-written so that Sim would speak virtually all of the dialogue in the scene.

*In the scene before Doryan commits suicide, there is a cut from a sunset to Charles striking a match - a sly reference to "Lawrence of Arabia", with its famous cut from Peter O'Toole blowing out a match to a sunrise in the desert.

*Robert Bolt's original idea was to make a film of "Madame Bovary", starring Sarah Miles. David Lean read the script and said that he didn't find it interesting, but suggested to Bolt that he would like to rework it into another setting. The film still retains parallels with Flaubert's novel - Rosy is Emma Bovary, Charles is her husband, Major Doryan is Rodolfo and Leon, Emma's lovers.

*The film's theme music was later sung by Liza Minnelli as "It Was a Good Time" on her television special, "Liza with a Z" (1972).

*Christopher Jones and Lean clashed frequently; in addition, Sharon Tate, a friend of Jones's who he later claimed he was having an affair with, was killed by Charles Manson and his followers during filming, devastating the actor. Jones and Sarah Miles also grew to dislike one another, leading to trouble when filming the love scenes.

Other Sources

*
* [http://lean.bfi.org.uk/material.php?theme=1&title=ryans_daughter British Film Institute on Ryan's Daughter]

DVD Reviews

* [http://www.dvdtalk.com/dvdsavant/s1890ryan.html Review] by Glenn Erickson at [http://www.dvdtalk.com/dvdsavant/ DVD Savant] a part of [http://www.dvdtalk.com/ DVD Talk]