Hoy

Infobox Scottish island |

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GridReference=ND263961
celtic name=-
norse name=Háey
meaning of name= Old Norse for 'high island'
area=14,308 ha
area rank=12
highest elevation= Ward Hill 479 m
Population=272
population rank=28
main settlement=Lyness
island group=Orkney
local authority=Orkney Islands
references= [2001 UK Census per List of islands of Scotland] [Haswell-Smith, Hamish. (2004) "The Scottish Islands". Edinburgh. Canongate.] [ [http://www.orkneyjar.com/placenames/pl-isle.htm Orkney Placenames] ] [ [http://www.ordnancesurvey.co.uk/ Ordnance Survey] ] [Anderson, Joseph (Ed.) (1893) "Orkneyinga Saga". Translated by Jón A. Hjaltalin & Gilbert Goudie. Edinburgh. James Thin and Mercat Press (1990 reprint). ISBN 0-901824-25-9] Pedersen, Roy (January 1992) "Orkneyjar ok Katanes" (map, Inverness, Nevis Print)]

Hoy (from Old Norse "Háey" meaning high island) is one of the Orkney Islands in Scotland. With an area of 55 square miles, it is the second largest of the Orkney Islands after the Mainland. It is connected by a causeway called The Ayre to South Walls, to the south. Unusually, the two islands are treated as one entity by the UK census. [General Register Office for Scotland (28 Nov 2003) " [http://www.gro-scotland.gov.uk/statistics/publications-and-data/occpapers/occasional-paper-10.html Occasional Paper No 10: Statistics for Inhabited Islands] ".]

The dramatic coastline of Hoy is what usually greets visitors travelling to the Orkney Islands by ferry from the Scottish mainland. It has extremes of many kinds: some of the highest cliffs in the UK at St John's Head; the impressive and famous sea stack, the Old Man of Hoy; some of the most northerly surviving natural woodland in the British Isles; the remote possibility that Arctic Char survive in Heldale Water and the most northerly Martello Towers, which were built to defend the area during the Napoleonic War, but were never used in combat.

The highest point in Orkney, Ward Hill, is found on Hoy.

The main naval base for Scapa Flow in both the First and Second World Wars was situated at Lyness in the south-east of the island. Some rather incongruous art deco structures nearby date from this period.

An unusual rock-cut tomb, the Dwarfie Stane, lies in a valley at the west of the island. It is unique in northern Europe, bearing similarity to Neolithic or Bronze Age tombs around the Mediterranean.

The northern part of the island is an RSPB reserve due to its importance for birdlife, particularly Great skuas and red-throated divers.

In Norse mythology, Hoy is the location of the never-ending battle between Hedin and Högni.

Orkney Ferries serve the island with two routes. One links Lyness on Hoy and Longhope on South Walls with the island of Flotta and Houton on the Orkney Mainland. The other links Moaness in northern Hoy to the island of Graemsay and Stromness on Orkney Mainland.

References

External links

* [http://www.readingmountaineeringclub.org.uk/images/Hoy/image5.htm Old Man of Hoy picture gallery]