Bretten

Infobox Ort in Deutschland
Art = Stadt
image_photo = BrettenMarktplatz.jpg
Wappen = Coat of Arms Bretten (de).svg
lat_deg = 49 |lat_min = 02 |lat_sec = 11
lon_deg = 08 |lon_min = 42 |lat_sec = 22
Lageplan =
Bundesland = Baden-Württemberg
Regierungsbezirk = Karlsruhe
Landkreis = Karlsruhe
Höhe = 176
Fläche = 71.12
Einwohner = 28157
Stand = 2006-12-31
PLZ = 75001–75015
PLZ-alt = 7518
Vorwahl = 07252 und 07258
Kfz = KA
Gemeindeschlüssel = 08 2 15 007
Gliederung = 10
Adresse = Untere Kirchgasse 9
75015 Bretten
Website = [http://www.bretten.de www.bretten.de]
Bürgermeister = Paul Metzger

Bretten is a city in the state of Baden-Württemberg, Germany.

Geography

Bretten lies in the centre of a rectangle that is formed by Heidelberg, Karlsruhe, Heilbronn and Stuttgart as corners. It has a population of approximately 28,000. The centre of Bretten consists of many old half-timbered houses around a lively marketplace. Towns and villages under the administration of Bretten include Bauerbach, Büchig, Diedelsheim, Dürrenbüchig, Gölshausen, Neibsheim, Rinklingen, Ruit and Sprantal.

History

Bretten was first mentioned as "villa breteheim" in the "Lorsch codex" in 767. Since 1148 Bretten had the right to mint and issue coins. In 1254 Bretten received city rights. In 1492 Bretten was granted to hold four fairs by Pfalzgraf Philipp. Philipp Melanchthon was born in Bretten in 1497. The residents of Bretten successfully sallied against the Swabian besiegers around Ulrich of Württemberg in 1504. In 1803 Bretten became “Badische Amtsstadt”. After the industrial revolution, the local economy was dominated by cooker production for many years. In 1975 Bretten was given the status of a "Große Kreisstadt" (district city).

Transport

Many commuters live in Bretten and use the Karlsruhe Stadtbahn (City Train), which brings them three times an hour to Karlsruhe and back. In Bretten there are 5 City Train stations and five additional stations in the villages that belong to the district of Bretten. Every two hours there are direct train connections to Stuttgart and Heidelberg. The motorways A5, A6 and A8 are reachable within approximately 30 minutes.

Famous residents

*Philipp Melanchthon; birth name: Philipp Schwarzerdt; companion of the Protestant reformer Martin Luther; February 16, 1497 to April 19, 1560.

The Peter and Paul Festival in Bretten

The largest event in Bretten is the annual Peter and Paul Festival, which usually attracts up to 80,000 visitors. It is held one long weekend in summer. The main attractions are the numerous performances in countless camps and in the mediaeval lanes in the old town of Bretten. On Sunday, a huge procession of dressed up citizens and guest groups takes place.

Visitors may be irritated by the mixture of costumes which are related to different centuries. You can see mediaeval men-at-arms, shepherds, musicians, jugglers as well as Biedermeier styled families and militias. But the festival has three different sources. The oldest is the successful sally of citizens and men-at-arms on June 28 in 1504 against Swabian besiegers. Bretten was also the place for a traditional competition called “shepherds’ jump”, that was celebrated by all local shepherds. During the 16th and the 18th century several shooting competitions took place, some of them on the Peter and Paul Day. In 1805 a citizen militia was founded in Bretten. Since then the Peter and Paul Festival has been celebrated regularly. After the Revolution in Baden the militias were not allowed to wear weapons anymore and the festival became a children’s festival. In 1923 the militia was refounded and the festival became bigger, with lots of guests and militias from other towns. After World War II the American administration allowed the festival to happen again in 1950, with a new militia and several societies that promoted the mediaeval aspects of the sally in 1504. Nowadays the organising society tends to advance the mediaeval aspects of the festival. Many citizens of Bretten are busy all the year round organising the Festival, preparing their costumes, studying old books, practicing music (especially drumming), fighting, dancing, juggling or practicing other performances. Since the 1980’s, the organising society has also engaged professional artists.

The festival also provides a fairground that attracts mainly kids and teenagers. For most citizens and guests the festival is the most important meeting point for former, existing or new friendships, or - as a pupil told the Bretten newspapers: “For me the Peter-and-Paul-Festival is a festival of love”.
* [http://www.peter-und-paul-fest.de/10.0.html History of the Peter and Paul Festival (German)]

Partner cities

Partner cities/twin towns of Bretten are
* Wittenberg, Germany
* Hemer (Germany)
* Condeixa (Portugal)
* Longjumeau (France)
* Bellegarde (France)
* Pontypool (Wales)

Some of the villages have additional twin towns:

Diedelsheim is twinned with
*Hidas (Hungary)

Neibsheim is twinned with
*Neuflize (France) and
*Nemesnadudvar/Nadwar (Hungary).

External links

* [http://www.bretten.de Official Web Site of Bretten]
* [http://www.bretten.de/stadtplan_neu/index_i.htm City Map of Bretten]
* [http://www.automobilzulieferer.de/kunden/bretten/branchen/ergebnis.asp?Klasse=H017&SB=Uebernachtung Accommodation Bretten]
* [http://www.alt-brettheim.de/ Official Web Site of the organising society of the Peter-and-Paul-Festival (German)]
* [http://www.peter-und-paul-fest.de/ Official Peter-and-Paul-Festival Web Site (German)]
* [http://www.ngw.nl/int/dld/b/bretten.htm History of the city arms ]
* [http://www.safaribears.de/content.php?page=SlideshowBretten&
] (German/English)