Amstrad Action

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In October 1986 "Amstrad Action" split into three separate publications. "AA" still catered for the CPC range, while "8000 Plus" and "PC Plus" focused on the Amstrad PCW and PC range respectively.

"AA" finally gave in to reader’s pleas to have a permanent cover tape. An announcement was made, in AA66, that the following issue would, not only contain a cover tape, but contain more colour and be printed on different paper. Review pages were also slightly re-designed.

April 1992 and the ABC (Audit Bureau of Circulation) figures showing, yet another, increase - 37,120. ["Amstrad Action", 'Line Up', issue 79, April 1992, page 3.] The highest ABC since July-December 1988’s 38,457. ["Amstrad Action", 'The Line Up', issue 44, May 1989, page 4.]

"AA" is 100 and looks at the top 100 products for the CPC and also a trip down memory lane, including past editors and staff. As circulation figures wind down further still there was a drastic drop in page numbers from 60 to 36 in July 1994's AA106. More compact issues mean no superfluous columns or features. AA107 became the first issue with only one member of official staff.

AA111 and no credits list, although we could deduct that the new editor was Karen Levell, who answered the Reaction letters and confirmed her appointment as editor. June 1995 and although everything appeared as normal in AA117, with AA118 advertised in the next month box, this is the last "AA" ever.

Features and editorial style

"AA" covered both 'games' and 'serious' side of the CPC, maintaining a 50/50 coverage throughout its run. The editorial coverage was always seen as being one of the three main areas; there was the games (or leisure), serious (programming, business software etc.), and the regulars. Features would come and go, but there was long-running features including 'Amscene', 'Forum', 'Action Test', and 'Cheat Mode'.

;AmsceneThe latest CPC news regarding all things in the Amstrad world. Later included the games charts and games preview pages.

;ReactionThe readers letters were answered in the "Reaction" section, where numerous arguments and, usually good natured, humour was found. Later during "AA"s run the standout letter of the month was highlighted and given the star prize award of £25.00. The technical problems page 'Problem Attic' started out in the Reaction pages in the early years before getting its own space. "If your CPC’s in danger, if you need help, then you can contact the AA team."

;Action TestThe review approach included a main write up, a second opinion box, a good news / bad news comparison list and the percentages. Percentages were given to Graphics, Sonics, Grab Factor, Staying Power and an overall AA Rating. High rated games of 80% and above were given an 'AA Rave' accolade, while the highest rated game of the month received the 'Mastergame' award. This review style continued well into the early 1990's when the award accolades were srapped. As budget games became more prominent during the CPC's life "AA" covered this growing market by including budget reviews in the 'Budget Bonanza' and later 'Action Replay' sections.

;The Pilgrim
Interactive fiction was covered by "The Pilgrim", then "Balrog" and "The Examiner". The Pilgrim format included the latest adventure game reviews. 'Clue Sniffing With The Pilgrim' included adventure clues and tips. 'Pilgrim Post' was the letters column for adventure game topics. 'Adventure News' detailed the latest happenings in the world of adventure games.

;ForumThe Forum carried on from the Problem Attic column where the resident Technical Editor answered reader's hardware or software problems and queries. As space in the magazine became restrictive other features like 'Helpline' and 'Ask Alex' were merged into the new 'Techy Forum'.

;Type-InOne long running feature of "AA" was the Type-In section. This included utility, games and demo type-ins sent in by the readers. This involved typing the program code into the computer then running it. This itself split the readership over whether the programs should be put on the covertape instead. Over a six month period this is what happened, until this practice (and ultimately the Type-Ins section) was abandoned due to space restrictions.

;HelplineThe Helpline page was where eager Amstrad readers would offer contact details help fellow readers having problems. The page was later merged with Technical Forum.

;Cheat ModeThe tips pages included game pokes, tips, cheats and maps all contributed by the readers.

;AafterthoughtInitially called Rear View, the back page was where all the loose ends were closed off, like competition winner results and last minute happenings.

;FeaturesAs activity in the Amstrad world declined, the editorial staff, and editorial content, was constantly being reduced and the magazine adopted an increasingly eccentric style, with one edition in particular featuring an eight-page script for a Christmas pantomime. Later on, a double spread review for the 2nd "Teenage Mutant Hero Turtles" game was split between the review itself and bizarre transcribed interview between Rod Lawton and Adam Peters (pretending to be one of the turtles). Peters would usually try and promote his band in some way (he featured on the cover of 'music orientated' issue and had one of his techno-MIDI band's songs on the covertape). The magazine is also notable for pioneering the kind of responses - sometimes dry, sometimes surreal, usually humorous and mildly rude - to readers' letters of a form now seen throughout UK gaming magazine culture. These characteristics, for many readers, added to "AA"'s charm.

Cover Tapes

Chris Anderson using his previous success of covermounted cassette tapes with "Personal Computer Games" included one with the Christmas special issue of 1985. This included two unreleased games from Ocean Software; "Kung Fu" and "Number 1". But the covermount cassette tape was only an occurrence on the Christmas and "AA" birthday issues, not becoming a regular feature until AA67 in 1991, mainly due to requests from many readers. Cover-cassettes featured game demos, applications, software utilities and, in some instances, complete games. Due to the low quality of the cassettes used many Amstrad owners found them to be unreliable, something which was commonly reflected in the letters pages. One solution to fixing the unreliable tapes as posted to the letters section was to unwind the tape and put a warm iron on it! Later, a utility was released on the covertape to convert the contents to the proprietry 3" disk.

;"Dizzy", "AA" Special Edition"Codemasters" produced a "Dizzy" game specially for the "AA" birthday covertape in October 1988. This 'Special Edition' included different rooms and objects to explore.

;Action Pack #1AA67, dated April 1990, came with the first of the permanent cover tapes called Action Pack #1, along with a new cover price of £2.20. A playable demo of Ocean Software's "Total Recall" and complete games "Hydrofool" and Codemasters' "Dizzy" were included on the tape.

;How To Cause A Complete ControversyAction Pack #2 caused some controversy among the readers as one of the featured games "How To Be A Complete Bastard" featured mild swearing, plus the game's quest was to be violent and obnoxious throughout a house party.

;"Stormlord" CensoredDecember 1993 AA99’s Serious Action cover tape included the complete "Stormlord" game, albeit a censored version. With the self-censoring of the Hewson game it seemed that "AA" was trying to avoid similar controversy that followed AA68’s Action Pack #2.

;Best Game Ever On CovertapeVoted the best game on the CPC, Firebird's "Elite" was the complete game given away with the 100th issue's Serious Action cover tape.

AA Games Accolades

Initially only the best rated game of the month earned an "AA Mastergame" accolade, but from issue 57 this was changed to all games that received a 90% or higher rating. Games receiving 80-90% were awarded an "AA Rave". Publishers of CPC games such as Activision, Ocean and Infogrames proudly mounted these awards on their packaging to promote their games to potential customers. The first game to receive a 'Mastergame' award was Melbourne House's "The Way of the Exploding Fist", gaining an impressive 94% AA Rating. While issue 38 is the first issue not to award any game the Mastergame accolade. Apparently there were no games worthy of the award that month. The lowest rated Mastergame was "Target Renegade", from Imagine Software, receiving a 86% overall rating. Quite why it was awarded a Mastergame was not explained and remains a mystery.

"Laser Squad", by Blade Software, which has been mentioned many times as being an "AA" staff favourite, is awarded the Mastergame accolade, in AA49, with a 91% rating. March 1990 and the mysterious lost Mastergame that would be "Chase HQ". The Ocean arcade game conversion received a score of 90%, coupled with being the highest rated game this issue. This would normally justify the Mastergame accolade, however the game only got an AA Rave accolade and no explanation or corrections were made since. June 1990 was the first issue to award the Mastergame accolade to more than one game; "E-Motion" by US Gold and "Turrican" by Rainbow Arts received ratings of 92% and 90% respectively. November 1990 and "Rick Dangerous 2" received the highest rating so far. The MicroStyle game gained a MasterGame award and an AA Rating of 97%.

Psygnosis' Lemmings and Ocean's "The Addams Family" were the last games to receive a Mastergame accolade in July 1992's AA82; receiving 97% and 90% respectively. Following issues dispensed with AA Rave and Mastergame accolades. "Lemmings" joins "Rick Dangerous 2" as gaining the highest "AA" rating given during its publication. March 1993's issue 90 featured the first highest rated game not to receive an AA accolade. "Nigel Mansell"’s World Championship received an overall rating of 93%, but no accolade of either Rave or Mastergame. The long standing AA signature accolade had been discarded.

treet Fighter 2

At the height of its popularity, "Street Fighter II" was released on the 16-bit computers by US Gold. However, in early press releases, the firm had stated that it would also be releasing 8-bit versions of the game on all platforms. Eventually, however, only the Commodore 64 and ZX Spectrum versions of the game were released. "AA" covered the saga for many months;

AA90 and "Street Fighter II" was mentioned in the Next Month column. "Street Fighter II" even featured on the front of AA95 and included inside was a 'story so far' write up.

"Street Fighter II" was promised to be completed and ready for review in AA100. News announced in AA100 that the long awaited "Street Fighter II" had been abandoned. According to U.S. Gold there were no plans to release a CPC version and that any previous release date given was a clerical error.

Editorial staff

Memorable staff included Publisher Chris Anderson, Bob Wade, Richard Monteiro, Steve Carey, Rod "The Beard" Lawton, Trenton Webb, James Leach, Frank O'Connor and Adam Waring. Later editorial staff included Linda Barker, Dave Golder, Tim Norris and Simon Forrester, whose magazine nickname/handle was "The Hairy One", "The Hairy Happening" or often just "Hairy". Simon had written various programs himself for the platform and was known to jump down the throats of people who didn't agree with his fondness for the computer game Chuckie Egg.

Editors

;Bob WadeSoftware Editor (AA1-AA12)Deputy Editor (AA13-AA16)Editor (AA17-AA34)

Like Chris, Bob started out at "PCG" and "Zzap!64", before becoming the Software Editor on "AA". Climbed the ranks of Deputy Editor before becoming the Editor. Bob left after issue 34 to Edit sister publication "Advanced Computer Entertainment" and later "Amiga Format". While at "Amiga Format" he helped launch "Amiga Power". Left journalism, in the mid 1990s, to form his own games development company; Binary Asylum, producing Amiga games like "Zee Wolf" and "Zee Wolf 2". After Binary Asylum failed to establish itself into the PC marketcite web | url=http://www.eurogamer.net/article.php?article_id=51 | title=Interview - Bob Wade of Binary Asylum -- PC -- Eurogamer | publisher=Eurogamer.com | accessdate=2007-07-19] Bob moved over to the internet product monitoring service; Game Campaign.cite web | url=http://theburrow.zzap64.co.uk/zzap/zzapers/wherearetheynow.html#table | title=The Burrow - Gordon Houghton's Zzap! - Where are they now page | publisher=Gordon Houghton | accessdate=2007-07-19]

;Steve CareyEditor (AA35-AA50)

Having spent some time at "PC Plus" as Production Editor, Steve replaced the departing Bob Wade as Editor on issue 35. Left after issue 50 in November 1989 to edit "ST Format". Later went on to become a Publisher overseeing such titles as "MEGA", "Amiga Power", "PC Gamer", ".net" and the games industries well respected "EDGE", among others. In January 1995 he was made Publishing Director for the Consumer Division.cite web | url=http://web.archive.org/web/19961220211506/http://www.futurenet.co.uk/info/FutureHistory/presentday6.html | title=FutureNet The Future Publishing story | publisher=Future Publishing / Media UK (archives) | accessdate=2007-07-19]

;Rod LawtonEditor (AA51-AA89)

Previous experience of working on "New Computer Express" and "ACE", Rod arrived at AA51 and holds the record for longest serving editor, spanning 39 issues and over three years. Left to work as Editor at Future’s newly launched Leisure publishing section. Has written, or co-written, many computing and games books.cite web | url=http://www.amazon.co.uk/s/ref=nb_ss_b/203-6077954-9155960?url=search-alias%3Dstripbooks&field-keywords=rod+lawton | title=Amazon.co.uk rod lawton Books | publisher=Amazon.co.uk | accessdate=2007-07-19] . Has written for many publications since, including "PC Plus" cite web | url=http://www.ability.com/about/features/art4.php?ln=us | title=Press Articles - Ability Office, PC Plus July 1998 | publisher=PC Plus | accessdate=2007-07-19] , "PC Answers"cite web | url=http://www.pcanswers.co.uk/tutorials/default.asp?pagetypeid=2&articleid=30359&subsectionid=781&subsubsectionid=743 | title=PC Answers - Tutorials - Creative options | publisher=PC Answers | accessdate=2007-07-19] , "PC Format"cite web | url=http://www.pcformat.co.uk/reviews/default.asp?pagetypeid=2&articleid=36443&subsectionid=679&subsubsectionid=710 | title=PC Format - Gameplay - Nikon CoolPix 5900 | publisher=PC Format| accessdate=2007-07-19] . Most recently has written for the weekly "Computing for beginners" style magazine "Computeractive".cite web | url=http://www.computeractive.co.uk/search/?subsection=&currentZone=reviews&start=1&page=&articlesSort=date&downloadsSort=relevance&forumsSort=relevance&reviewsSort=relevance&staticSort=relevance&jobsSort=relevance&maxresults=&articlesMax=&downloadsMax=&forumsMax=&reviewsMax=&staticMax=&subsectionMax=20&jobsMax=&articlesMinscore=65&reference=&sourceDisplay=&age=36500&source=all&zone=&type=&productType=&q=rod+lawton | title=Computeract!ve - search | publisher=Computeract!ve - search | accessdate=2007-07-19] Also runs a Digital Imaging web site where photographers at all levels of expertise can find out more about the terms, concepts and techniques behind photography.cite web | url=http://photo-facts.com | title=Photo Facts - the digital photographer's a-z | publisher=Rod Lawton | accessdate=2007-08-20] .

;Dave GolderEditor (AA96-AA109)

Previous work on "Your Sinclair" and "Commodore Format" before arriving as Editor on AA96. Left after issue 111 to edit fellow Future title "Ultimate Future Games". In 1995 he helped launch the new Future Publishing Sci-Fi mag "SFX", taking over the editor position in ‘96 and remained there until 2005. Currently writes a Sci-Fi column on the Sci-Fi UK website.cite web | url=http://www.scifi.co.uk/puregolder/ | title=Pure Golder | publisher=Sci-Fi UK | accessdate=2007-08-15]

taff Writers

;Richard MonteiroTechnical Editor (AA15-AA32)

Richard arrived as the new Technical Editor on issue 15. After 18 issues he left to launch new Future publication "ST/Amiga Format". In 1990 Richard formed the company Words Works Limited, in Trowbridge with his own editorial team and produced "RAZE" under subcontract from "Newsfield Publications". The first issue of "RAZE" appeared in October 1990 and ran for 12 issue until Newsfield couldn't sustain any more publications.cite web | url=http://www.crashonline.org.uk/99/newsfield.htm | title=CRASH 99 - Newsfield | publisher=crashonline | accessdate=2007-08-20] In 1992 Richard, along with another ex-Future Publishing staff member Dianne Taverner, co-founded Paragon Publishing, holding the title Managing Director. Key titles published during the 1990s included "Sega Pro", "Play", "XGen" and "". cite web | url=http://davesworld.gamesanimal.com/published.php?art=19&page=1 | title=Paragon Publishing | publisher=Dave Perry (Dave's World) | accessdate=2007-07-19]

;Trenton WebbStaff Writer (AA42-AA59)

Trenton arrived as the new games reviewing guru in June 1989's issue. After 18 issues had left to work on many other "Future Publishing" titles including "Amiga Format" and "Your Sinclair". During this time he appeared on Channel 4's GamesMaster video games TV show in the reviews section. Later became Editor of magazines such as "Game Zone", "Commodore Format" and "ST Format". He left journalism in the mid 1990s to work in the industry itself, working with Bob Wade, at Binary Asylum, as a Games Designer. After Binary Asylum closed, he went to work for Internet and Intranet website design firm Zehuti as Project Manager.cite web | url=http://cache.zoominfo.com:80/cachedpage/?archive_id=0&page_id=551069110&page_url=%2f%2fwww.edge-online.com%2fnews_main.asp%3fnews_id%3d3634&page_last_updated=12%2f18%2f2003+5%3a59%3a05+PM&firstName=Trenton&lastName=Webb | title=E118: Game of Chance (Webb) | publisher=Edge / ZoomInfo (web archive) | accessdate=2007-07-19]

;James LeachStaff Writer (AA60-AA64)

Experienced member of Future publishing who has worked on many magazines. Apart from "Amstrad Action" James had worked on "Your Sinclair", "Amiga Format", "PC Format", "GamesMaster" and as Editor on SNES magazine "Super Play". After leaving Future Publishing, in the mid 1990s, James went on to work for software company Bullfrog, contributing to many games including "Syndicate Wars"cite web | url=http://www.mobygames.com/game/dos/syndicate-wars | title=Syndicate Wars - Moby Games | publisher=Moby Games | accessdate=2007-08-20] ., "Dungeon Keeper" and "Theme Hospital".cite web | url=http://www.mobygames.com/developer/sheet/view/developerId,5541/ | title=MobyGames - James Leach | publisher=Moby Games | accessdate=2007-08-20] . Other companies James has worked for include Black & White Studioscite web | url=http://www.mobygames.com/game/black-white | title=Black & White - Moby Games | publisher=Moby Games | accessdate=2007-08-20] . and Lionhead,cite web | url=http://www.mobygames.com/game/black-white-2 | title=Black & White 2 - MobyGames | publisher=Moby Games | accessdate=2007-08-20] . holding positions such as Lead Writer and Head of Scripting & Writing respectively, working on such games as "Black & White", "Fable" and "Black & White 2".cite web | url=http://www.mobygames.com/developer/sheet/view/developerId,5541/ | title=MobyGames - James Leach | publisher=Moby Games | accessdate=2007-08-20] . In 2006 James left Lionhead to go freelance where he now describes his skill and experience as "Writer of game plots, dialogue, websites, ads (ATL and BTL), children's books, sitcoms and more."cite web | url=http://www.linkedin.com/pub/1/54b/a22 | title=LinkedIn: James Leach | publisher=LinkedIn | accessdate=2007-08-20]

;Frank O'ConnorStaff Writer (AA65-AA72)

Frank's first job in the industry was "Amstrad Action"'s position of Staff Writer.cite web | url=http://www.bungie.net/Inside/MeetTheTeam.aspx?Person=oconnor | title=Bungie.net : Inside Bungie : Meet The Team : Staff Bio | publisher=Bungie | accessdate=2007-07-19] Frank left "AA" after issue 71 to work on EMAP's " Computer & Video Games" (a.k.a. C+VG). After his stint on C+VG Frank came back to
Future Publishing to edit the to edit the Nintendo games magazine "Total!". Appeared, as co-commentator, on many "GamesMaster" episodes during the secondcite web | url=http://www.gamesmasterlive.co.uk/gamesmaster/season2.php | title=Games Master Season 2 | publisher=GamesMasterLive | accessdate=2007-07-19] and thirdcite web | url=http://www.gamesmasterlive.co.uk/gamesmaster/season2.php | title=Games Master Season 3 | publisher=GamesMasterLive | accessdate=2007-07-19] series from 1992 to 1994. Later moved into the games industry; worked as Editor in Chief on DailyRadar.comcite web | url=http://www.cnn.com/2000/TECH/computing/10/05/games.reut/index.html | title=Video gamers look past holiday for hot trends | publisher=Source | accessdate=2007-08-15] an online video games site. Later held the position of Executive Editor on the "Official Xbox Magazine". cite web | url=http://www.gamecriticsawards.com/2001winners.html | title=Game Critics Awards | publisher=gamecriticsawards.com | accessdate=2007-08-15] . Is currently Content Manager for Bungie; the developer of "Halo", "Myth", "Oni", and "Marathon".cite web | url=http://www.bungie.net/Inside/MeetTheTeam.aspx?Person=oconnor | title=Bungie.net : Inside Bungie : Meet The Team : Staff Bio | publisher=Bungie | accessdate=2007-07-19]

;Adam WaringTechnical Editor (AA50-AA83)

Joint second longest serving editorial staff, along with Bob Wade, Adam was the Technical Editor for 34 issues. Reviewed "Rick Dangerous 2", which is the joint highest rated AA game. Adam had written several games himself, including "Lost Caves" and "Ninja Massacre", and if one came up for review upon re-release, he would gracefully be allowed to write a second opinion. He also wrote "Your Sinclair"'s "Spec Tec" column where readers technical queries were answered. Left Future Publishing in 1992 to travel around the world. Returned to Future Publishing Editing magazines such as "Max Magazine"cite web | url=http://www.zoominfo.com/Search/PersonDetail.aspx?PersonID=521677942 | title=Adam Waring: ZoomInfo Business People Information | publisher=ZoomInfo | accessdate=2007-08-20] . Went on to edit Merricks Media's "Spanish Magazine" based in Bath. cite web | url=http://journalism.cf.ac.uk/source/index.php?id=c2hvdy0zOTMtMC0wLTM5Ng= | title=Journalism - Getting an interview | publisher=Source | accessdate=2007-08-15]

;Simon ForresterStaff Writer (AA89-AA106)

One of the last Staff Writers to work on 'AA', arriving just as Rod Lawton was leaving in 1993. Later shared duties between 'AA' and "Commodore Format" before taking over the editorship of "CF" in 1995. Later worked for Bath-based internet monitoring company called FYI, and their site gamecampaign.com, and then Bath-based web designers Zehuti Ltd.cite web | url=http://www.e-consultancy.com/account/profile-37941/simon-forrester.html | title=Simon Forrester - Your profile - E-consultancy.com | publisher=E-consultancy.com | accessdate=2007-08-20]

ee also

* Video game journalism
* Computer magazine
* Magazine
* Computer game
* Computing
* History of computer games

References

Links

* [http://www.futurenet.co.uk Official Future Publishing - official web site]
* [http://tacgr.emuunlim.com/mags/amstradaction.php?list=Index TACGR 'The Amstrad Computer Games Resource'] - AA list of Mastergames, Raves and all other rated games.
* [http://users.durge.org/~nich/cpcmags/aa/index.html AA magazine cover scans] AA cover scans from Nich Campbell's Amstrad CPC web pages.
* [http://www.cpcwiki.com/index.php/Amstrad_Action CPCWIKI Amstrad Action entry]
* [http://www.old-computer-mags.com/ Old Computer Mags] Amstrad Action scans and more